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WEBVTT
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hello relatives
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grant shangri is what they call me
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and all of you I gladly take your hand
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and shake it um
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greetings everyone
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today I'm going to talk about lakota
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language and Emacs and how
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free software and Emacs empowered me to
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write on the computer in the language of
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my ancestors
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um start off the look with the story of
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lakotiappi the lakota language
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the lakota dakota dialect area
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for those of you who you don't know
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the lakota dakota people are also known
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as the sioux
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and the tribes cover an
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area of roughly 10 us states and parts
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of canada and so this language is
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spoken over a wide range of of
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area
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however the us government policy
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directly tried to silence this language
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my father was taken to a boarding school
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and was punished for speaking
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his native language and so he didn't
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teach it to his children
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several generations of lakota and dakota
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people
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and other tribes all over the country
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lost
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lost their first language their native
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language so today only around 2000
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first first language native speakers are
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speaking lakota
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however there's language recovery
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projects that are empowering
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second language learners like myself to
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teach it to the new generation of
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children um
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which brings me to my story um I grew up
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without knowing
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my heritage um I didn't know who my
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father was
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both my parents were white um
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I discovered my biological family in
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around 2015
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was kind of a shock to me up until that
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point probably the only time I'd heard
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the lakota language was in
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the movie dances with wolves possibly
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some other times
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around nebraska I'd heard it um but
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even myself growing up you know pretty
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close to
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to lakota people and other native
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american people
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american indian people I kind of thought
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it was just dead I thought the language
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was not alive anymore um
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but in 2016 my daughter began her
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journey into this world and I
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I was doing a lot of searching to find
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out like what could I do
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you know not knowing my family not
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knowing my culture
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what could I do to try to bring that
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into our life
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um and so I found out about these
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lakota classes that were happening I
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went up to standing rock
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in north dakota and attended the lakota
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summer institute for three weeks
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and began my journey to learn the
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language so I can
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try to pass it on so
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this brings us to Emacs
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I could talk a lot more about my story
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I'm sure there's a lot to say
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but we're here to talk about Emacs um
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I was already a free software user at
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the time and at the lakota language
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uh institute they they were they're
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giving us software there's a dictionary
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you could get on android
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um there was a keyboard for android that
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you could type with
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they had keyboard input methods for mac
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and windows but I'm a linux user free
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software user
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so I didn't have access to those things
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as
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as easily as I could and I do a lot of
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my thinking and note taking in Emacs and
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in org mode
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and so being able to to write this
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to to um to write things down to type
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on my own computer uh was was pretty
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important to me
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and I wasn't much of an emax hacker yet
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at the time I had
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barely done anything mostly just you
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know hacked on my
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config file but this was a real
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chance for me to experience
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the the benefits of free software first
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hand and not just to benefit myself but
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to potentially benefit
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everyone anyone interested in learning
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this language
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so Emacs and
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that free software philosophy really
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empowered me so I began digging in
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um I looked I began reading the the
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manual more closely
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as an american I'm I'm sad to say
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there's not a lot of
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other languages spoken or written where
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I'm from
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so it's not common that I that I have to
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think about this with computers
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I know international people you know
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have had to come up with
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with interesting ways to to enter their
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text
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and Emacs is probably a pioneer in that
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I I'd like to know more about the
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history of this but
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there's a whole section in the manual on
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international Emacs
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and I began reading this and I was
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talking about
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different input methods and and how many
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different languages were supported and
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how you could enter the text and how it
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supports the different characters and so
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on
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um I even noticed a few languages
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support several input methods
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that became important for me later on as
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I was working on this
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many many languages are already
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supported so
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those of you who haven't looked into
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this yet if you press
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control backslash it will open up a
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selection menu
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for you to to select um
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your input method and you can there's
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207 listed here
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that's including the two that I've
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contributed
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um so 205 on on a vanilla Emacs
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so that's a lot of languages supported
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by emac Emacs but there's so many more
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that could be um and since Emacs is free
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software and it is what it is I knew
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that defining
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a new input method was surely possible
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um
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unfortunately the the manual didn't
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describe it directly or at least I
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didn't pick it up so
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um you know the new emax hacker that I
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was I
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I timidly dove down into the source code
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and discovered the quail package
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um so back in the day apparently there
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was
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mule which is like the
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multi I don't I don't know it stood for
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something about
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language environments and and it has
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evolved
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and at some point um some japanese
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uh coders created an input method called
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tamago
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which means egg in japanese and uh
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tamago evolved into quail and they
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in the comments you can see they talk
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about how the quail egg is eaten in
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japan it's a smaller thing and
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the quail mode is like a nicer version
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of tamago I guess and
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there's a pun saying they hoped it would
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egg people on to create more input modes
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and quail is quite nice I looked into it
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and there's basically two things you use
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quail defined package and quail define
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rules
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so quail defined package
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you can see here is a function it's
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probably a macro that takes a name
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a language a title and some optional
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stuff which
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I didn't really have to deal with
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define name is a new quail package for
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input language title is a string to be
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split
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at the mode line to indicate this
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package
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so I began trying to do lakota input now
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this is a whole thing on its own because
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the lakota language
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was never written um
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pre-contact and post contact
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like there's several attempts at writing
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it and different orthographies
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and there's drama around all of this
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stuff
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it's pretty common to have drama going
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on in any american indian stuff
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going on so as I was doing this I
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started with the suggested lakota
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orthography which
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is actually called by its authors the
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the standard lakota orthography but its
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authors are
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um are european
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um the main author is a man named jan
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ulrich and I appreciate all his work and
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I'm grateful for
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the materials he's made available but um
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it's a little bit problematic because
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it's not an orthography created by
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our people by lakota people so there's
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another one called the white hat
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orthography which is created by albert
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whitehat who's a teacher
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um from the chichanguk tribe so I
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created two
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and thankfully emax lets me do that so
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it's pretty simple quail defined package
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I just
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say the package I want and then all
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these nils and t's for options I don't
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actually know what they mean but it
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works
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I could look it up and then quail define
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rules just defines mappings from ascii
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keys to
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the the text you want to put in so
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for this one there's a nasal n and then
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a dot and a macron like a wedge shape
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for marking up the consonants
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so that one's pretty easy and then the
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suggested lakota orthography is a little
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bit more difficult
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but still pretty easy I just map a
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sequence of keys
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a followed by the apostrophe makes the
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accented vowels so all of those
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and then again we have the hot checks
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for the guttural sounds of the language
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and the nasal end so that's it basically
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these two
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definitions allow me to type
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lakota language in Emacs um
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and it's great it works great publishing
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it
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is another problematic thing I wanted to
00:10:11.760 --> 00:10:13.839
use free software to do that
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so the first thing I did was I I posted
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on sourcehut
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which is great it's a good alternative
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for a git forge
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and I got it published on melba so the
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lakota input
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package is available if you'd like to
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try it out
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and bandali one of our hosts for the
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conference is helping me now
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through the process of committing the
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code to Emacs
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because I would like to do that I would
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like it to be available to everyone
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through Emacs itself so that anyone who
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wants to use it just has to download
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Emacs
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and there you go you can type lakota
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language
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so uh pila maya thank you
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all for listening and
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I hope to see you around in our Emacs
00:10:55.920 --> 00:10:58.320
community
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uh day
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