path: root/2022/captions/emacsconf-2022-rde--rde-emacs-introduction--andrew-tropin--main.vtt

WEBVTT captioned by sachac

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Hello and welcome everyone at EmacsConf 2022.

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I'm Andrew Tropin, and today

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we will talk about my Emacs setup.

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I will tell you the story behind it.

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We will discuss what rde and rde Emacs are,

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and we'll make a small Emacs configuration.

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My original motivation was to have

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a ready for work development environment

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which is reliable and guaranteed to work

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every time I need it,

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preferably performant and consistent.

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I say development environment,

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but it actually applies to

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many other working environment,

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especially text-heavy.

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An easy and obvious solution is to

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pick one of existing configuration frameworks

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like Spacemacs, Doom Emacs, Prelude,

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or something else,

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and to get a pre-configured Emacs

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in a minute with all bells and whistles.

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But the problem is: only Emacs.

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In reality, your working environment consists

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not only from elisp packages,

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but also from system packages

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and their configurations, project libraries,

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compilers, building tools, etc.,

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and thus you already have at least

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three, or more likely, five things

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for managing your environment:

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configuration, Emacs configuration framework,

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Emacs package manager, system package manager,

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system/dot files configuration manager,

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project/language package manager

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and maybe something else.

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Even having our Emacs configuration

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and package manager covered by framework

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we still have a lot of things

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which we have to interact with,

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keep in sync, and more importantly,

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each of them can break.

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But by "works every time," I mean

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even if I updated my system packages,

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configurations, I migrated to a different machine,

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someone on my team updated project dependencies,

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I can get back to work in a matter of seconds,

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or maybe in some cases, minutes.

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If I have multiple tools

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for managing my environment

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and even one of them is broken,

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the whole setup is broken.

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Also, if one of them doesn't support

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deterministic rollback,

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I can't guarantee the reliability

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of my working environment.

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I can't be sure that I will be able to

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rescue or revive it.

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The less points of failure we have,

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the easier to stay sane.

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Imagine some late breakage notice

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when you did update a few hours or days ago

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and found it later, and you have

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a few different tools involved.

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It will be really hard to find the cause

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and to make everything work again.

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Is it possible to have one tool

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to cover all the needs I described above?

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Yes, almost. With this tool,

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you can get a reliable setup.

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Now, I talk about functional package managers.

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Functional package managers allow us to

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manage systems, users, Emacs, project/

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language packages, and their configurations.

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But more importantly, it allows to do it

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in a declarative and reproducible manner.

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That means you just define what you need,

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and those tools build it for you.

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No matter what was before, you get what you asked for.

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It doesn't matter what time of day,

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what you did before, what other packages

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you have installed previously.

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You just ask for something, and you get it.

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Two years ago, I did a talk at EmacsConf 2020

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where I demonstrated a prototype of

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Emacs configuration managed by Nix.

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Originally, I wanted to base my work on

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an already existing Emacs configuration framework.

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But later, I decided that it will be easier

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and a little more flexible

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to start from ground up.

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After the first prototype in Nix,

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I decided to switch to Guix. To make it short,

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Guix is another functional package manager,

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but more freedom- and reproducibility-oriented,

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and written in only one language (Guile Scheme)

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instead of few custom-made Nix DSL, Bash, and C++.

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So now I can write Lisp code, while this code

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writes another Lisp code. Very neat indeed.

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Unfortunately, at the moment, there was no tool

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to manage user configurations,

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also known as dotfiles, with Guix.

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So I wrote one. And now it's a part of GNU Guix

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and called Guix Home.

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What do we get from this one tool?

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We can use one language to describe the whole system,

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the home environment, the project environment,

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and everything else.

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We don't need to worry about

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to keep different tools in sync

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and to integrate them between each other.

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Also, using one language to describe

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the whole configuration makes it possible

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to share values between different parts of the system.

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For example, color scheme, fonts, and much more.

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To sum up the first part of the talk:

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I want a working environment which is ready for work,

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configured in minutes to almost what I want.

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That means it should have some batteries included.

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It should be reliable.

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I want to get back to work in seconds

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even if I broke something

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or someone else broke something.

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For example, using rollbacks.

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It would be nice if it will be performant.

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It's a little subjective thing,

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but it's nice when things are snappy.

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And it's cool when things are consistent.

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Different interfaces have

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the same way of interactions with them.

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Let's get to the next part,

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and let's discuss what rde is.

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Originally it was my dotfiles repo,

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but it grew into something bigger.

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Now, it's a set of tools on top of

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GNU Guix, Guix System, and Guix Home.

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You can treat it as a GNU/Linux distribution,

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system and home environment manager

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or configuration framework,

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project environment manager

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(like virtualenv, but on steroids),

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and Emacs distribution.

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Usually, you just pick a few features,

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parameterize them and ask the tool

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to create an operating system for you,

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a home environment, project environment,

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or Emacs configuration.

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That's it. That's simple.

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And what rde Emacs is and how it tastes...

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It's like an ice cream, vanilla-flavored.

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No fancy macros for configuration, just plain Elisp.

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You can find in almost every

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personal Emacs configuration,

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built-in or vanilla-flavored packages

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are in priority over external

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or very fancy packages.

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There is practical reason for this.

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Maybe sometimes you don't get the things

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you're used to in other text editors,

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or maybe even in other Emacs frameworks,

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but we want to keep the final result consistent,

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so you can apply the same interaction patterns

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in different situations and extend your expectations

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from one tool to another,

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from one package to another.

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For example, we encourage people

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to use the minibuffer completion

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with orderless and vertico for many tasks:

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code navigation, file navigation,

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looking through your emails,

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or just for jumping around.

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Let's see.

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First, create a new Emacs instance

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and open a repository with my configuration.

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You can see the source code.

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Let's open another file which contains

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Emacs-related features.

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You can see I use imenu,

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and I can filter the list using minibuffer.

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Now let's open the Magit interface,

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and now I want to navigate through

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this long list of things here.

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Some of them staged. Some of them are recent commits.

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Some of them are untracked at all.

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I can open imenu: the same interface,

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but for now, I can navigate around

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the Magit sections and files which are present here.

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If I want to navigate project files,

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I use almost the same interface.

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I can use the same patterns to filter out

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files in my project or items in magit-imenu.

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Very similar and very consistent.

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Also, we try to have hotkeys consistent

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across different packages and parts of Emacs.

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We usually don't provide alternatives on what to use.

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We provide only one package for one task.

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But of course this is

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a configuration framework after all.

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You can declare your own features,

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implement them yourself,

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and use whatever you want.

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Let's get to some real-world examples.

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It's always easy to show

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how things get appended,

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how things get installed,

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but usually people don't show

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how they remove things,

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because it's usually painful.

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But in our case, it's not.

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Let's take my configuration,

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let's find feature-emacs-vertico.

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Vertico's just used to show

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this fancy completion UI

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that you can see here.

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If I disable this feature

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and rebuild my home environment,

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Emacs will lack this feature.

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It may take some time. It was quite fast,

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I didn't expect it.

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I have Emacs. As you can see here,

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now it doesn't have this completion UI anymore.

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I just commented it out,

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rebuilt my home environment,

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and this thing disappeared from Emacs.

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But what if I broke something?

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I just call guix home roll-back command

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and launch Emacs again, and you see

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now we have vertico back.

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Very good.

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Reliability is one of the most important qualities

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of working environment.

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We can always get back to

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the working state of our environment

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and be sure that we do the things we want.

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Now let's see another example.

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Here I have a mastodon,

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a post which contains a gemini link.

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I can click it, and you see it opens emacsclient,

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it renders this gemini capsule,

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and we can read all the posts of this guy.

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Very cool.

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But what if I go back to my configuration,

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we'll find a feature related to elpher,

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the application which handles gemini links,

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we'll comment it out,

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and we'll rebuild my home environment.

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What I expect here is that

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when I will be clicking the link,

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emacsclient won't pop up anymore.

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Cool.

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We rebuilt it and let's click the link.

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Now you see, it just opens another tab

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which doesn't do anything useful.

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Cool.

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Why it is important?

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It is important because every time

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you install something and you want to remove it,

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some parts depending on it can be broken.

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And also important in the other way around.

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Sometimes you want to install something,

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and it requires a few steps.

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For example, if you want to have

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a docker.el in your Emacs,

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you need not only docker.el itself

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and configuration for it,

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you also need to add your user to the docker group.

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But before it, you need to create this group,

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and you also need to

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define a system service and run it.

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Also you need to install docker package,

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docker-cli package, and containerd package.

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You can forget every of this small step,

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but if it in your declarative configuration

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in one place, and you just ask

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to enable this feature, each of those steps

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will be performed automatically.

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If you don't need docker anymore,

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you just disable the feature,

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and all the effect of all those steps

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will be removed from your system.

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I won't be showing it because it probably will

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take more time for reconfiguring,

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but you can experiment with it on your own.

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Let's do another interesting thing.

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Let's construct a small

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Emacs configuration from scratch.

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Who's this?

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I will open a file which contains only

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emacs-portable feature and feature-user-info.

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Now I will build an environment,

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and inside this environment,

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I will launch a new Emacs instance.

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As you see, it's very different

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from what you saw previously.

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And it's almost barebones.

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It doesn't contain anything

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except user-mail-address

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which is set to my mail address,

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and user-full-name.

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How it works:

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In feature-user-info, I define a few values.

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Those values are obtained by Emacs

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feature-emacs-portable

00:18:03.280 --> 00:18:07.480
and set inside Emacs configuration.

00:18:07.480 --> 00:18:12.840
But let's enable a few more features.

00:18:12.840 --> 00:18:15.400
I will do it in one go

00:18:15.400 --> 00:18:22.120
because we already saw how it works overall.

00:18:22.120 --> 00:18:30.160
Let's build another Emacs with Emacs configuration.

00:18:30.160 --> 00:18:39.280
The interesting thing about this Emacs instance

00:18:39.280 --> 00:18:44.560
is that it doesn't contain anything

00:18:44.560 --> 00:18:46.520
that I have in my usual Emacs.

00:18:46.520 --> 00:18:49.360
For example, I don't have much here.

00:18:49.360 --> 00:18:55.040
I don't have make installed, and so on.

00:18:55.040 --> 00:19:06.640
But we have feature-loader-portable package

00:19:06.640 --> 00:19:09.960
which just requires a few configure packages.

00:19:09.960 --> 00:19:13.320
Let's move it to a separate workspace.

00:19:13.320 --> 00:19:21.680
First of all, configure-rde-emacs-portable

00:19:21.680 --> 00:19:23.720
which just sets a few variables.

00:19:23.720 --> 00:19:27.280
rde configure-keycast which just shows

00:19:27.280 --> 00:19:31.200
something on the modeline

00:19:31.200 --> 00:19:34.440
which demonstrates the last hotkey pressed

00:19:34.440 --> 00:19:40.080
and the command which was invoked.

00:19:40.080 --> 00:19:41.640
We can enable which-key,

00:19:41.640 --> 00:19:45.040
and now when I type a prefix,

00:19:45.040 --> 00:19:48.600
I can see all the possible continuations

00:19:48.600 --> 00:19:49.360
for this prefix.

00:19:49.360 --> 00:19:51.880
I can enable vertico,

00:19:51.880 --> 00:19:58.160
and you can see, now we have nice completion UI.

00:19:58.160 --> 00:20:03.560
We can enable completion-related improvements

00:20:03.560 --> 00:20:07.560
and now I have not only UI itself, but also

00:20:07.560 --> 00:20:15.320
some notes here near each command,

00:20:15.320 --> 00:20:17.800
and ability to use regular expressions

00:20:17.800 --> 00:20:21.480
or some orderless matching.

00:20:21.480 --> 00:20:26.400
We can enable eshell,

00:20:26.400 --> 00:20:31.320
and now I have a hotkey for invoking Emacs shell.

00:20:31.320 --> 00:20:35.920
I don't have hotkey for vterm yet,

00:20:35.920 --> 00:20:37.360
but I can enable it,

00:20:37.360 --> 00:20:40.800
and now I have a terminal inside my Emacs.

00:20:40.800 --> 00:20:43.240
As you can see my usual shell is Zsh,

00:20:43.240 --> 00:20:46.040
but here I have a plain bash.

00:20:46.040 --> 00:20:52.280
Let's enable feature-git,

00:20:52.280 --> 00:21:04.720
and now I will be able to open my project.

00:21:04.720 --> 00:21:11.488
And inside this project,

00:21:11.489 --> 00:21:14.640
I will be able to open Magit

00:21:14.640 --> 00:21:19.880
and navigate around using imenu.

00:21:19.880 --> 00:21:26.160
Let's do few more things.

00:21:26.160 --> 00:21:29.640
Let's enable Org Roam

00:21:29.640 --> 00:21:43.840
so I will be able to open my EmacsConf notes.

00:21:43.840 --> 00:21:48.240
Let's enable configure-emacs.

00:21:48.240 --> 00:21:53.320
As you can see, the way it displayed updated.

00:21:53.320 --> 00:21:59.520
Let's enable configure-appearance,

00:21:59.520 --> 00:22:03.880
and you see the appearance of Emacs changed radically.

00:22:03.880 --> 00:22:06.560
And also, let's change the faces.

00:22:06.560 --> 00:22:13.040
And now you see almost my setup

00:22:13.040 --> 00:22:14.800
that you saw previously,

00:22:14.800 --> 00:22:19.000
but we build it from small tiny pieces.

00:22:19.000 --> 00:22:27.520
A little summary:

00:22:27.520 --> 00:22:32.280
rde is the one tool that you can use

00:22:32.280 --> 00:22:34.440
to manage the whole computing experience.

00:22:34.440 --> 00:22:38.080
It consists of composable components,

00:22:38.080 --> 00:22:41.720
and actually, it provides

00:22:41.720 --> 00:22:43.240
a reliable configuration framework.

00:22:43.240 --> 00:22:46.360
You always have a rollback.

00:22:46.360 --> 00:22:49.320
You always can switch to a generation

00:22:49.320 --> 00:22:50.560
you used a week ago.

00:22:50.560 --> 00:22:57.520
And of course, it's reproducible and declarative

00:22:57.520 --> 00:22:58.680
which is also very cool.

00:22:58.680 --> 00:23:05.788
rde Emacs is a part of rde

00:23:05.789 --> 00:23:06.920
but it can be used separately.

00:23:06.920 --> 00:23:11.280
You can think of it as an Emacs distribution

00:23:11.280 --> 00:23:14.040
which is vanilla-flavored, consistent,

00:23:14.040 --> 00:23:15.960
well-integrated, and self-contained.

00:23:15.960 --> 00:23:19.560
That's it for today.

00:23:19.560 --> 00:23:22.054
Don't hesitate to contact me

00:23:22.055 --> 00:23:23.840
via email or any other way.

00:23:23.840 --> 00:23:28.154
Thank you everyone for your attention

00:23:28.155 --> 00:23:33.760
and see you in a bit.