1 files changed, 400 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/2020/subtitles/emacsconf-2020--39-nongnu-elpa--richard-stallman.vtt b/2020/subtitles/emacsconf-2020--39-nongnu-elpa--richard-stallman.vtt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..89dc142e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2020/subtitles/emacsconf-2020--39-nongnu-elpa--richard-stallman.vtt
@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+WEBVTT
+
+00:00:00.320 --> 00:00:03.280
+Hello, I'm Richard Stallman,
+
+00:00:03.280 --> 00:00:07.816
+founder of the GNU project.
+
+00:00:07.816 --> 00:00:09.200
+In 1976, I developed the first
+
+00:00:09.200 --> 00:00:12.320
+Emacs editor with some help
+
+00:00:12.320 --> 00:00:13.440
+from Guy Steele.
+
+00:00:13.440 --> 00:00:15.839
+Then, shortly after starting to develop
+
+00:00:15.839 --> 00:00:19.119
+the GNU operating system in 1984,
+
+00:00:19.119 --> 00:00:22.240
+I wanted an Emacs editor for it.
+
+00:00:22.240 --> 00:00:29.519
+So I started writing GNU Emacs in
+September 1984.
+
+00:00:29.519 --> 00:00:32.640
+Several years ago we decided to move
+
+00:00:32.640 --> 00:00:35.920
+many of the Emacs Lisp packages outside
+
+00:00:35.920 --> 00:00:39.866
+the core Emacs distribution into
+
+00:00:39.866 --> 00:00:46.480
+a separate package archive that we call
+the Emacs Lisp package archive ELPA.
+
+00:00:46.480 --> 00:00:49.555
+There were two main reasons for this.
+
+00:00:49.555 --> 00:00:51.520
+One is to make the Emacs
+distribution smaller
+
+00:00:51.520 --> 00:00:54.870
+so every user wouldn't have to
+
+00:00:54.870 --> 00:00:55.680
+get all the packages
+
+00:00:55.680 --> 00:00:58.820
+and install all the packages.
+
+00:00:58.820 --> 00:01:00.480
+And the other reason was to make it
+possible to
+
+00:01:00.480 --> 00:01:03.485
+release individual packages
+
+00:01:03.485 --> 00:01:08.880
+separately from Emacs releases.
+
+00:01:08.880 --> 00:01:13.119
+Now, at that point somehow we decided to
+
+00:01:13.119 --> 00:01:17.040
+support loading packages from
+
+00:01:17.040 --> 00:01:21.119
+a variety of different Emacs Lisp
+package archives
+
+00:01:21.119 --> 00:01:25.520
+and ours would be called the GNU ELPA,
+
+00:01:25.520 --> 00:01:29.280
+but ELPA could be any other.
+
+00:01:29.280 --> 00:01:32.945
+Now, I think that naming was a mistake.
+
+00:01:32.945 --> 00:01:35.119
+We should have meant, we should have
+decided that ELPA
+
+00:01:35.119 --> 00:01:37.759
+referred to our package archive
+
+00:01:37.759 --> 00:01:39.297
+and any other package archive
+
+00:01:39.297 --> 00:01:42.479
+should be called some other name.
+
+00:01:42.479 --> 00:01:46.128
+Oh, well! Uh this is a mistake,
+
+00:01:46.128 --> 00:01:48.320
+I believe, because it leads
+
+00:01:48.320 --> 00:01:49.397
+to a lot of confusion.
+
+00:01:49.397 --> 00:01:51.119
+It would have been clearer
+
+00:01:51.119 --> 00:01:55.759
+if we had used the other naming.
+
+00:01:55.759 --> 00:01:59.812
+Because the difference between
+
+00:01:59.812 --> 00:02:04.159
+having a package in core Emacs and
+having it in GNU ELPA,
+
+00:02:04.159 --> 00:02:07.840
+is purely a practical convenience matter.
+
+00:02:07.840 --> 00:02:10.501
+Convenience of distribution
+
+00:02:10.501 --> 00:02:12.000
+and convenience of maintenance.
+
+00:02:12.000 --> 00:02:14.879
+We wanted to be able to move packages
+
+00:02:14.879 --> 00:02:16.800
+between the two
+
+00:02:16.800 --> 00:02:19.258
+whenever that was convenient.
+
+00:02:19.258 --> 00:02:21.200
+So, to make that possible
+
+00:02:21.200 --> 00:02:23.200
+we insisted on getting copyright
+
+00:02:23.200 --> 00:02:26.319
+assignments for packages in GNU ELPA
+
+00:02:26.319 --> 00:02:31.360
+just the same way we do for packages in
+core Emacs.
+
+00:02:31.360 --> 00:02:33.760
+Having the facility for installing
+
+00:02:33.760 --> 00:02:36.239
+packages from package archives,
+
+00:02:36.239 --> 00:02:39.440
+led to a tremendous boost in the
+
+00:02:39.440 --> 00:02:42.239
+development and release of Emacs packages.
+
+00:02:42.239 --> 00:02:44.879
+Unfortunately there was a problem with
+
+00:02:44.879 --> 00:02:46.560
+the way that was done.
+
+00:02:46.560 --> 00:02:50.000
+For the most part, the developers of
+these packages
+
+00:02:50.000 --> 00:02:52.218
+wouldn't even tell us about them.
+
+00:02:52.218 --> 00:02:56.027
+They posted them in another package
+archive
+
+00:02:56.027 --> 00:02:58.480
+where we didn't know about them
+
+00:02:58.480 --> 00:03:03.120
+and no attempt was made to
+try to fit them
+
+00:03:03.120 --> 00:03:06.560
+into Emacs so that they could make sense
+
+00:03:06.560 --> 00:03:10.879
+as parts of the Emacs distribution.
+
+00:03:10.879 --> 00:03:14.480
+This led to both moral problems,
+
+00:03:14.480 --> 00:03:16.375
+(packages that depended on
+
+00:03:16.375 --> 00:03:19.599
+non-free software in order to be usable)
+
+00:03:19.599 --> 00:03:21.354
+and technical problems,
+
+00:03:21.354 --> 00:03:24.877
+because the developers of those packages
+
+00:03:24.877 --> 00:03:26.159
+didn't coordinate with us
+
+00:03:26.159 --> 00:03:29.519
+about how to make it useful and
+
+00:03:29.519 --> 00:03:36.560
+convenient and clean to have them in
+Emacs.
+
+00:03:36.560 --> 00:03:41.120
+So, the idea of NonGNU ELPA
+
+00:03:41.120 --> 00:03:45.337
+is an effort to smooth these
+things out.
+
+00:03:45.337 --> 00:03:48.319
+The fundamental plan of
+
+00:03:48.319 --> 00:03:51.680
+NonGNU ELPA is that
+
+00:03:51.680 --> 00:03:54.480
+we won't ask for copyright assignments
+
+00:03:54.480 --> 00:03:56.159
+for those packages.
+
+00:03:56.159 --> 00:04:00.000
+So, we won't be able to put them into
+core Emacs;
+
+00:04:00.000 --> 00:04:03.550
+at least not easily,
+
+00:04:03.550 --> 00:04:09.519
+but we will have some control over how
+we distribute them.
+
+00:04:09.519 --> 00:04:14.691
+We can put any package into NonGNU ELPA
+
+00:04:14.691 --> 00:04:16.320
+as long as it's free software.
+
+00:04:16.320 --> 00:04:23.360
+If we like it, we can set up that way
+for users to get it.
+
+00:04:23.360 --> 00:04:26.720
+We could put the package in
+exactly as it is
+
+00:04:26.720 --> 00:04:29.919
+if there's no problem at all with it.
+
+00:04:29.919 --> 00:04:32.647
+We can make an arrangement
+
+00:04:32.647 --> 00:04:34.160
+with the package's developers
+
+00:04:34.160 --> 00:04:38.000
+to work on it with us and maintain it
+
+00:04:38.000 --> 00:04:42.560
+directly for distribution by NonGNU ELPA,
+
+00:04:42.560 --> 00:04:45.778
+but if they are not interested,
+
+00:04:45.778 --> 00:04:48.729
+we can put it in ourselves,
+
+00:04:48.729 --> 00:04:50.453
+and if we need to make any changes,
+
+00:04:50.453 --> 00:04:52.000
+we can do so.
+
+00:04:52.000 --> 00:04:58.688
+So, NonGNU ELPA is not meant to be
+
+00:04:58.688 --> 00:05:02.720
+just a way that others can distribute
+their packages.
+
+00:05:02.720 --> 00:05:04.336
+It's meant, at least in
+
+00:05:04.336 --> 00:05:07.574
+a minimal technical sense,
+
+00:05:07.574 --> 00:05:10.686
+to work with GNU Emacs,
+
+00:05:10.686 --> 00:05:12.305
+and we'll make changes if necessary,
+
+00:05:12.305 --> 00:05:17.928
+so that it works smoothly with Emacs.
+
+00:05:17.928 --> 00:05:25.365
+And this means that we're going to
+maintain it differently from GNU ELPA.
+
+00:05:25.365 --> 00:05:31.520
+Well, GNU ELPA is hosted in a way that
+is actually rather inconvenient.
+
+00:05:31.520 --> 00:05:35.600
+It is one single Git repository.
+
+00:05:35.600 --> 00:05:39.039
+And so anybody that has access
+to write it
+
+00:05:39.039 --> 00:05:41.239
+can write any part of it.
+
+00:05:41.239 --> 00:05:46.080
+There are many different packages in
+there, maintained by different people,
+
+00:05:46.080 --> 00:05:48.080
+and we have no way to give each one of
+
+00:05:48.080 --> 00:05:50.960
+them access to per own package
+
+00:05:50.960 --> 00:05:53.122
+and not to the others.
+
+00:05:53.122 --> 00:05:57.035
+Well, with NonGNU ELPA,
+we plan to fix that.
+
+00:05:57.035 --> 00:06:01.411
+The idea is to have
+a single Git repository
+
+00:06:01.411 --> 00:06:05.600
+where you can download various packages from.
+
+00:06:05.600 --> 00:06:08.400
+But they won't be maintained there.
+
+00:06:08.400 --> 00:06:10.800
+Each of those packages will be
+
+00:06:10.800 --> 00:06:15.280
+copied automatically from some other place.
+
+00:06:15.280 --> 00:06:18.311
+Probably some other repository
+
+00:06:18.311 --> 00:06:22.960
+where the right people have access to work on it.
+
+00:06:22.960 --> 00:06:26.375
+And this way we can avoid giving
+
+00:06:26.375 --> 00:06:28.160
+a gigantic number of people
+
+00:06:28.160 --> 00:06:32.240
+access to every part of it.
+
+00:06:32.240 --> 00:06:37.039
+So far NonGNU ELPA is just a plan,
+
+00:06:37.039 --> 00:06:40.479
+we need people to implement the plan.
+
+00:06:40.479 --> 00:06:43.825
+So, if you would like to help,
+
+00:06:43.825 --> 00:06:45.120
+please write to me.
+
+00:06:45.120 --> 00:06:49.520
+I think this is a very important step for progress
+
+00:06:49.520 --> 00:06:52.639
+and it's got to be implemented.
+
+00:06:52.639 --> 00:06:57.919
+Thanks and happy hacking!