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+0:00:02.000,0:00:04.799
+Hello, everyone, and welcome to the EmacsConf.
+
+0:00:04.799,0:00:09.599
+I am Jonathan. In this talk I'm going
+
+0:00:07.200,0:00:10.880
+to demonstrate ways of producing sheet
+
+0:00:09.599,0:00:14.320
+music in Emacs
+
+0:00:10.880,0:00:18.400
+using Lilypond, and maybe also convince
+
+0:00:14.320,0:00:18.400
+you to use Emacs for writing your scores.
+
+0:00:18.640,0:00:22.240
+I'll start with an overview of the
+
+0:00:20.400,0:00:24.400
+syntax for those who are new to using
+
+0:00:22.240,0:00:26.800
+text-based notation
+
+0:00:24.400,0:00:28.800
+as a shallow dive into the deep pond of
+
+0:00:26.800,0:00:30.800
+lilies and Lilypond,
+
+0:00:28.800,0:00:32.960
+and move on to showcase some of its
+
+0:00:30.800,0:00:36.320
+functionalities using Org Mode
+
+0:00:32.960,0:00:40.480
+and lilypond-mode. One disclaimer,
+
+0:00:36.320,0:00:44.079
+however: I am not a Lilypond developer.
+
+0:00:40.480,0:00:46.800
+So what is Lilypond? Lilypond is
+
+0:00:44.079,0:00:50.000
+a file format and music engraving system
+
+0:00:46.800,0:00:52.640
+for producing high-quality sheet music.
+
+0:00:50.000,0:00:55.120
+It translates textual representations of
+
+0:00:52.640,0:00:57.760
+music to graphical objects.
+
+0:00:55.120,0:01:00.000
+It's similar to LaTeX in that its
+
+0:00:57.760,0:01:01.600
+input format describes the visual
+
+0:01:00.000,0:01:03.520
+layouts of the score,
+
+0:01:01.600,0:01:05.119
+using commands to define musical
+
+0:01:03.520,0:01:07.760
+expressions.
+
+0:01:05.119,0:01:08.640
+Commands begin with a backslash.
+
+0:01:07.760,0:01:10.479
+For example,
+
+0:01:08.640,0:01:13.040
+the formatter command, as shown on the
+
+0:01:10.479,0:01:13.920
+left, yields its graphical equivalents on
+
+0:01:13.040,0:01:16.640
+the right,
+
+0:01:13.920,0:01:19.119
+the fermata symbol over the low B and
+
+0:01:16.640,0:01:21.600
+so on and so forth.
+
+0:01:19.119,0:01:23.119
+It's also fully extensible, like Emacs,
+
+0:01:21.600,0:01:25.600
+allowing users to extend
+
+0:01:23.119,0:01:26.640
+and override Lilypond's functionalities
+
+0:01:25.600,0:01:29.840
+using the Scheme
+
+0:01:26.640,0:01:31.600
+scripting language. It can be used for
+
+0:01:29.840,0:01:34.479
+early and contemporary music
+
+0:01:31.600,0:01:35.200
+tablature, vocal music lead sheets, 
+
+0:01:34.479,0:01:38.000
+and so on.
+
+0:01:35.200,0:01:38.479
+Above all, it works with Emacs.
+
+0:01:38.000,0:01:41.040
+In fact,
+
+0:01:38.479,0:01:43.119
+Lilypond ships with Emacs Lisp libraries,
+
+0:01:41.040,0:01:45.920
+including a major mode for editing 
+
+0:01:43.119,0:01:45.920
+Lilypond files.
+
+0:01:47.360,0:01:50.560
+So the input files are similar to 
+
+0:01:50.000,0:01:52.560
+source files.
+
+0:01:50.560,0:01:54.079
+They contain expressions formed with
+
+0:01:52.560,0:01:55.840
+curly braces,
+
+0:01:54.079,0:02:00.159
+comments that start with the percent
+
+0:01:55.840,0:02:00.159
+sign, and the code is indented.
+
+0:02:00.240,0:02:05.600
+Notes are entered using lowercase
+
+0:02:02.159,0:02:08.800
+letters, and rests with the letter r.
+
+0:02:05.600,0:02:11.039
+In this case, the lowercase r or r4
+
+0:02:08.800,0:02:14.000
+is the equivalence of a crotchet or
+
+0:02:11.039,0:02:16.160
+quarter note rest.
+
+0:02:14.000,0:02:18.480
+Durations are entered using numbers and
+
+0:02:16.160,0:02:20.959
+dots after the note name.
+
+0:02:18.480,0:02:22.640
+If you do not specify one, the previous
+
+0:02:20.959,0:02:24.560
+duration is used.
+
+0:02:22.640,0:02:27.360
+You can also tie notes together using
+
+0:02:24.560,0:02:30.000
+the tilde symbol (~).
+
+0:02:27.360,0:02:32.080
+In fact, you can input chords, lyrics,
+
+0:02:30.000,0:02:33.920
+embellishments, and a lot more.
+
+0:02:32.080,0:02:36.160
+I encourage you to read the manual for
+
+0:02:33.920,0:02:39.680
+more information.
+
+0:02:36.160,0:02:42.000
+Now let's switch to a terminal window.
+
+0:02:39.680,0:02:43.840
+with Lilypond installed, let's create
+
+0:02:42.000,0:02:50.560
+a test file with the extension
+
+0:02:43.840,0:02:52.400
+.ly and open it in Emacs.
+
+0:02:50.560,0:02:54.800
+At the top of the file is the version
+
+0:02:52.400,0:02:57.440
+statement, which tells Lilypond which
+
+0:02:54.800,0:03:00.959
+version to use when compiling the file.
+
+0:02:57.440,0:03:03.680
+Here I'm using version 2.20.0.
+
+0:03:00.959,0:03:04.159
+I've added the clef and time signature.
+
+0:03:04.159,0:03:07.440
+Let's add some notes.
+
+0:03:09.280,0:03:14.560
+I'm going to close this now and
+
+0:03:12.400,0:03:19.760
+compile the file by running
+
+0:03:14.560,0:03:25.040
+lilypond followed by the file name.
+
+0:03:19.760,0:03:25.040
+So now let's view the output.
+
+0:03:27.360,0:03:32.239
+Okay. So here's a more complex example
+
+0:03:29.760,0:03:34.080
+for randomizing note sequences.
+
+0:03:32.239,0:03:36.239
+The idea is to create new reading
+
+0:03:34.080,0:03:37.760
+materials each time the code blocks are
+
+0:03:36.239,0:03:40.640
+evaluated.
+
+0:03:37.760,0:03:41.840
+As usual, we begin with a header.
+
+0:03:40.640,0:03:45.200
+I've added the title
+
+0:03:41.840,0:03:47.920
+and composer. Then we add the note
+
+0:03:45.200,0:03:50.879
+sequences to use in the composition.
+
+0:03:47.920,0:03:51.200
+In this case, sn is a note name just like
+
+0:03:51.200,0:03:54.959
+a b c d and so on, and stands for snare drum,
+
+0:03:54.959,0:03:58.239
+the percussion instruments.
+
+0:03:58.879,0:04:04.080
+Now here's a function that's going to
+
+0:04:00.720,0:04:06.560
+shuffle the notes in the table.
+
+0:04:04.080,0:04:08.799
+Finally, we expand the notes inside
+
+0:04:06.560,0:04:10.799
+the Lilypond source block.
+
+0:04:08.799,0:04:13.680
+So whatever the function returns is
+
+0:04:10.799,0:04:16.479
+expanded inside the drums block.
+
+0:04:13.680,0:04:19.120
+Now let's press C-c C-c to view
+
+0:04:16.479,0:04:19.120
+the results.
+
+0:04:20.079,0:04:26.800
+Okay. And if I run this again, it should
+
+0:04:23.280,0:04:26.800
+create a new composition.
+
+0:04:26.840,0:04:31.360
+Great. You can also audition a piece
+
+0:04:29.680,0:04:34.320
+using the midi command,
+
+0:04:31.360,0:04:36.560
+which creates a midi file of the score.
+
+0:04:34.320,0:04:39.040
+Note also that the ob library--
+
+0:04:36.560,0:04:40.400
+sorry, the ob-lilypond library comes
+
+0:04:39.040,0:04:42.560
+with two modes.
+
+0:04:40.400,0:04:43.440
+The one I'm using now is called
+
+0:04:42.560,0:04:45.440
+arrange mode
+
+0:04:43.440,0:04:47.120
+and is useful for assembling 
+
+0:04:45.440,0:04:49.360
+complete scores.
+
+0:04:47.120,0:04:51.199
+The basic mode on the other hand allows
+
+0:04:49.360,0:04:53.360
+you to mix text and music
+
+0:04:51.199,0:04:55.440
+by embedding Lilypond snippets and
+
+0:04:53.360,0:04:57.840
+export them using typical Org Mode
+
+0:04:55.440,0:04:57.840
+commands.
+
+0:05:00.240,0:05:04.320
+Now to demonstrate the basic mode in
+
+0:05:02.320,0:05:05.120
+action. I'm going to export this document
+
+0:05:04.320,0:05:08.240
+to a PDF file.
+
+0:05:05.120,0:05:10.639
+In this case, the
+
+0:05:08.240,0:05:11.919
+:file header argument is required, so you
+
+0:05:10.639,0:05:15.280
+have to provide one
+
+0:05:11.919,0:05:15.280
+and include the file name.
+
+0:05:15.600,0:05:20.479
+Again, you can run the code and view 
+
+0:05:17.919,0:05:20.479
+the results.
+
+0:05:22.160,0:05:30.080
+Here it is. So now let's
+
+0:05:25.840,0:05:30.080
+export this to a PDF file.
+
+0:05:33.680,0:05:41.440
+And here it is, what it generates.
+
+0:05:39.680,0:05:44.000
+Now I'm going to show you the workflow I
+
+0:05:41.440,0:05:46.160
+used to produce music books in Emacs,
+
+0:05:44.000,0:05:48.000
+combining Lilypond and LaTeX for a
+
+0:05:46.160,0:05:50.160
+perfect marriage.
+
+0:05:48.000,0:05:53.039
+I begin by sketching the first draft of the
+
+0:05:50.160,0:05:55.039
+manuscript using pencil and paper.
+
+0:05:53.039,0:05:57.440
+Then I move to Emacs to input the notes
+
+0:05:55.039,0:06:00.080
+in a git repository.
+
+0:05:57.440,0:06:01.360
+This is a typical source file. It begins
+
+0:06:00.080,0:06:03.199
+with a stylesheet
+
+0:06:01.360,0:06:05.440
+where I set variables and layout
+
+0:06:03.199,0:06:07.039
+settings, although in general, there's no
+
+0:06:05.440,0:06:09.280
+need for tweaking the layout
+
+0:06:07.039,0:06:11.199
+unless you have specific requirements to
+
+0:06:09.280,0:06:13.360
+do so.
+
+0:06:11.199,0:06:15.520
+The easiest way to compile the file from
+
+0:06:13.360,0:06:19.280
+Emacs is by pressing C-c C-l,
+
+0:06:15.520,0:06:21.199
+so let's do this now,
+
+0:06:19.280,0:06:23.759
+and the compilation buffer will tell you
+
+0:06:21.199,0:06:26.000
+if there were any errors in the file.
+
+0:06:23.759,0:06:28.560
+Now to automate the process of compiling
+
+0:06:26.000,0:06:31.280
+several files and building the PDF,
+
+0:06:28.560,0:06:32.560
+I use GNU Make, so all I have to do is
+
+0:06:31.280,0:06:36.000
+open the shell
+
+0:06:32.560,0:06:37.840
+and run the make command. Don't worry,
+
+0:06:36.000,0:06:40.720
+I'll provide a link to the source code
+
+0:06:37.840,0:06:40.720
+on the last slide.
+
+0:06:41.600,0:06:46.000
+As I moved forward with the project, I
+
+0:06:43.600,0:06:48.720
+found at least two things missing.
+
+0:06:46.000,0:06:50.479
+One, I had no access to a metronome,
+
+0:06:48.720,0:06:52.960
+at least not from the editor,
+
+0:06:50.479,0:06:55.919
+so I built one for casual use and made
+
+0:06:52.960,0:06:58.000
+it available in the MELPA repository.
+
+0:06:55.919,0:06:59.039
+I also missed bar numbers in the source file.
+
+0:06:59.039,0:07:03.199
+This is useful when going back and forth
+
+0:07:00.880,0:07:04.479
+between input and output files without
+
+0:07:03.199,0:07:06.720
+getting lost.
+
+0:07:04.479,0:07:08.479
+So I wrote a command for toggling bar
+
+0:07:06.720,0:07:10.000
+numbers, which I hope you can see on the left.
+
+0:07:10.000,0:07:14.160
+Also, some expressions are difficult or
+
+0:07:12.080,0:07:17.039
+slow to write on the keyboard--
+
+0:07:14.160,0:07:19.199
+accents and tuplets, for example--so I use
+
+0:07:17.039,0:07:20.160
+template expansion extensively for this purpose,
+
+0:07:20.160,0:07:23.280
+mainly ya-snippet.
+
+0:07:23.440,0:07:28.080
+So what do I think? Well, I think
+
+0:07:25.680,0:07:31.039
+Lilypond can be a sharp paradigm shift
+
+0:07:28.080,0:07:32.720
+for people used to GUI alternatives, but
+
+0:07:31.039,0:07:34.639
+the results are impressive.
+
+0:07:32.720,0:07:36.960
+You don't have to dive too deeply to
+
+0:07:34.639,0:07:38.880
+start using Lilypond.
+
+0:07:36.960,0:07:40.720
+Likewise, the ability to extend the
+
+0:07:38.880,0:07:42.400
+software, I think, is especially appealing
+
+0:07:40.720,0:07:45.199
+for music professionals,
+
+0:07:42.400,0:07:46.560
+enthusiasts, composers, and the academic
+
+0:07:45.199,0:07:48.400
+community:
+
+0:07:46.560,0:07:50.800
+for example, allowing users to create
+
+0:07:48.400,0:07:53.120
+alternative notation systems required in
+
+0:07:50.800,0:07:56.160
+non-Western music traditions
+
+0:07:53.120,0:07:58.400
+and other non-conventional requirements.
+
+0:07:56.160,0:08:00.720
+Also, Lilypond and Emacs both have
+
+0:07:58.400,0:08:04.639
+extensive and well-written manuals
+
+0:08:00.720,0:08:06.400
+and active communities of users.
+
+0:08:04.639,0:08:08.800
+But if you're still not sure where to
+
+0:08:06.400,0:08:09.599
+start and when to wedge your feet in the deep
+
+0:08:09.599,0:08:13.680
+but warm pond of lilies, Lilypond, and
+
+0:08:12.160,0:08:15.680
+Lilypond users,
+
+0:08:13.680,0:08:16.960
+I invite you to contribute to my 
+
+0:08:15.680,0:08:18.800
+Lilypond projects,
+
+0:08:16.960,0:08:20.720
+which you can do so from the links on
+
+0:08:18.800,0:08:22.800
+the screen.
+
+0:08:20.720,0:08:24.639
+So, thank you all. I look forward to your
+
+0:08:22.800,0:08:27.840
+comments, and I hope you enjoy the rest
+
+0:08:24.639,0:08:27.840
+of the conference.
+