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<a name="wayland-mainVideo-transcript"></a>
# Transcript
[[!template text="""Hello EmacsConf and hello fellow Emacs fans.""" start="00:00:00.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""My name is Michael Bauer, and I'm from Germany.""" start="00:00:08.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I'm gonna talk to you about "Why and how Emacs""" start="00:00:10.920" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""should become a Wayland compositor."""" start="00:00:13.440" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And it already kinda is a Wayland compositor.""" start="00:00:17.200" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""This talk is composed by Wayland and Emacs.""" start="00:00:21.740" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""If I'm talking about a Wayland compositor""" start="00:00:25.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""or Emacs as Wayland compositor,""" start="00:00:26.840" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I mean it in the sense that""" start="00:00:29.360" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""EXWM is an X window manager. I hope you know EXWM.""" start="00:00:30.440" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So, why?""" start="00:00:36.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Emacs can do Wayland now, that was a stopper""" start="00:00:41.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""before, and now it's solved with `pgtk` branch.""" start="00:00:44.120" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It makes the Emacs toolbox bigger,""" start="00:00:49.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which is always a good thing.""" start="00:00:53.240" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And the cool thing about Wayland, which is not""" start="00:00:55.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""possible under X is, it can run standalone""" start="00:00:58.440" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""on the Linux kernel interface, or nested under X,""" start="00:01:02.280" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""or even nested under Wayland.""" start="00:01:06.840" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The compositor features of Emacs doesn't mean""" start="00:01:09.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""it has to take over the whole output.""" start="00:01:13.840" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It can use them, even if it's just like""" start="00:01:16.960" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""a normal window or normal program.""" start="00:01:20.560" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And last reason is,""" start="00:01:23.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I want to keep living inside Emacs""" start="00:01:25.120" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and Wayland is the future, apparently.""" start="00:01:27.240" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""EXWM use case is the first use case.""" start="00:01:31.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""You take a Wayland surface and put it inside""" start="00:01:35.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""an Emacs window. You see it right below.""" start="00:01:38.400" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The video of me is a Wayland surface,""" start="00:01:41.520" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and it's inside an Emacs window managed by Emacs.""" start="00:01:45.880" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Emacs does the input, and the clipboard handling,""" start="00:01:50.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and can insert itself here, and do great things.""" start="00:01:53.480" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And it's a possibility to Lispify the Linux desktop,""" start="00:01:59.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as Emacs Lispifies the command line.""" start="00:02:03.200" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The other use case is the XWidget use case.""" start="00:02:08.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I don't know if you know XWidgets.""" start="00:02:12.960" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's embedded X windows inside Emacs.""" start="00:02:17.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""There's a web browser available in Emacs.""" start="00:02:19.720" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""With Wayland, you could embed anything that can""" start="00:02:24.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""create a Wayland surface like video, web, or 3D.""" start="00:02:27.520" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Think OpenGL, something like""" start="00:02:32.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""EmacsGL would be possible.""" start="00:02:34.880" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And we wouldn't have just images like we have so far.""" start="00:02:38.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So, how to implement this Wayland compositor?""" start="00:02:46.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I'm going to tell you how I did it,""" start="00:02:50.560" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""or I did this demo I'm showing you right now.""" start="00:02:52.560" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""First of all, how does Wayland work?""" start="00:02:57.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Wayland is a protocol in XML.""" start="00:03:00.680" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's a server and client, and they share a set of""" start="00:03:04.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""objects, and the objects have methods.""" start="00:03:11.120" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""They are specified in the protocol,""" start="00:03:13.960" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and Wayland also says how the server""" start="00:03:16.120" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and client talk to each other.""" start="00:03:24.080" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""First blocker for Emacs becoming a Wayland""" start="00:03:25.720" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""compositor is that Emacs and Wayland both have""" start="00:03:33.440" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""their own event loop, and you can't merge them too.""" start="00:03:37.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""But you don't have to merge them""" start="00:03:41.880" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because you can just make Emacs speak Wayland.""" start="00:03:45.800" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So, Emacs becomes a Wayland client,""" start="00:03:48.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and there's an extra server Emacs is talking to.""" start="00:03:50.040" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So, we need a minimal Wayland server that does all""" start="00:03:53.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the stuff Emacs can't do and do the rest in Emacs.""" start="00:03:59.160" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""---The minimal Wayland server, I did it in wlroots.""" start="00:04:03.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""That's the library behind Sway. I think it's""" start="00:04:07.800" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the Wayland library to do stuff like this.""" start="00:04:13.040" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I implemented four different things to make it work.""" start="00:04:20.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's these three letter acronyms on the left.""" start="00:04:26.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's Emacs, Wayland, and then it's a server,""" start="00:04:30.680" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""a client, a protocol, and buffers.""" start="00:04:34.520" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The server is written in C and it's mostly tinywl.""" start="00:04:38.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's the example of wlroots,""" start="00:04:44.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and it's around 1000 lines of code.""" start="00:04:46.280" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""ewc, the Wayland client in Emacs,""" start="00:04:52.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is the thing I'm most proud of.""" start="00:04:54.960" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's 300 lines of code, and it is a""" start="00:04:58.560" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""fully featured Wayland client in Emacs.""" start="00:05:02.120" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""With this, Emacs can speak Wayland,""" start="00:05:08.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and then I implemented Emacs Wayland protocol.""" start="00:05:11.640" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It more or less allows Emacs to become a Wayland""" start="00:05:18.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""window manager, so it's not actually the compositor.""" start="00:05:21.280" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The compositor stays in C, but Emacs is""" start="00:05:24.640" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""now a Wayland window manager!""" start="00:05:27.680" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And the last thing is Emacs Wayland buffers.""" start="00:05:31.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's the window manager part.""" start="00:05:34.520" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's around 500 lines of code,""" start="00:05:35.880" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and it does the buffer management inside""" start="00:05:38.440" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Emacs windows, or floating right like you see me""" start="00:05:41.680" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""now floating on the right.""" start="00:05:45.680" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It works, but it is still buggy,""" start="00:05:48.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and it is also missing input handling,""" start="00:05:51.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""so there's more code to come for this to work.""" start="00:05:54.320" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Some caveats about this approach.""" start="00:06:01.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""wlroots is around 60 kilo LoCs (Line of Code)""" start="00:06:05.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and in active development.""" start="00:06:09.640" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""They have like a slogan 60 kilo locs of code""" start="00:06:12.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""you had to write anyway to make a Wayland""" start="00:06:16.640" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""compositor. And no, you don't have to write it.""" start="00:06:19.760" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""But I still remember when it was like 50 kilo locs,""" start="00:06:22.520" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and now it's 60. And it's like a moving target.""" start="00:06:25.840" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I think it could be quite a lot of work""" start="00:06:29.680" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to keep up with it.""" start="00:06:32.480" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Yeah, it could be quite a bit of work.""" start="00:06:34.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Some windows don't like to keep the aspect ratios.""" start="00:06:41.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""You tell them and you have to crop them.""" start="00:06:46.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And the interface I use in wlroots for doing this,""" start="00:06:49.560" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""`wlr_scene`, can't do cropping yet,""" start="00:06:53.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""so this doesn't work.""" start="00:06:57.280" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Another problem is with GTK.""" start="00:07:01.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Once Wayland is enabled and it stays on.""" start="00:07:03.240" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""This doesn't make sense.""" start="00:07:11.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Okay, if you kill the Wayland server,""" start="00:07:12.560" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""GTK kills Emacs, that's not a good thing.""" start="00:07:15.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And it's still a bit of work and fussing needed""" start="00:07:18.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to get this to work reliably.""" start="00:07:21.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's quite buggy right now.""" start="00:07:23.640" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And that brings me to my call to action.""" start="00:07:26.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I think making Emacs Wayland capable is""" start="00:07:30.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""a further step to make an Emacs OS.""" start="00:07:34.440" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It gains output and input handling.""" start="00:07:39.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Output handling is already there,""" start="00:07:41.360" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""input handling is still missing,""" start="00:07:44.120" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""but Emacs can manage monitors, outputs,""" start="00:07:45.760" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""different frames if it's like nested,""" start="00:07:49.720" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And inputs, keyboards, simulation keys,""" start="00:07:53.040" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""stuff like that.""" start="00:07:57.080" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""We could use it in more ways for Emacs display, maybe.""" start="00:07:58.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Wayland just manages simple pixel buffers,""" start="00:08:02.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""so it's a protocol for managing pixel buffers.""" start="00:08:05.720" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And in a sense, we could go back to""" start="00:08:09.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the old X ways and maybe even ditch GTK.""" start="00:08:12.560" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I don't know, but why need it?""" start="00:08:15.560" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""We can composite without it.""" start="00:08:18.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Let's make buffer menus, buffer world, buffer.""" start="00:08:20.600" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Emacs Wayland protocol, like I did it,""" start="00:08:27.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""allows a very concise design, and it allows""" start="00:08:29.040" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to improve on the EXWM code base.""" start="00:08:34.040" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And I wrote KISS style because EXWM has""" start="00:08:38.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""workspace management integrated.""" start="00:08:41.840" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I don't think that's needed, like Emacs does it.""" start="00:08:45.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Why do you have to do something extra?""" start="00:08:50.600" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So why do it?""" start="00:08:53.640" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""To finish the call to action,""" start="00:08:56.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""if this is the thing you want to see in Emacs,""" start="00:09:00.040" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""maybe you want to get involved, have some ideas,""" start="00:09:03.280" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""so we could discuss it.""" start="00:09:06.600" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I'm looking forward to discuss with you""" start="00:09:10.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and hear your questions and ideas.""" start="00:09:14.960" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I want to say a big thank you to the""" start="00:09:21.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""organizers of EmacsConf and the other speakers""" start="00:09:24.200" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""for making this event possible.""" start="00:09:26.600" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Thank you, and see you.""" start="00:09:29.000" video="mainVideo-wayland" id="subtitle"]]
Questions or comments? Please e-mail [perma-curious@posteo.de](mailto:perma-curious@posteo.de?subject=Comment%20for%20EmacsConf%202022%20wayland%3A%20Emacs%20should%20become%20a%20Wayland%20compositor)
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