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# Transcript
[[!template new="1" text="""When we think about the problems of the world""" start="00:00:00.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""we see global warming, war, appropriation, poverty,""" start="00:00:06.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and among numerous other problems,""" start="00:00:12.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""also the inability to make a living""" start="00:00:13.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as an open source developer.""" start="00:00:16.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""Now this last problem may seem a lot less consequential""" start="00:00:18.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""compared to the other ones,""" start="00:00:22.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""but what if I told you that the solution to this problem""" start="00:00:23.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and the solutions to the others are one and the same?""" start="00:00:26.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""And it's because there's a common underlying problem""" start="00:00:30.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""at the heart of all of these problems.""" start="00:00:33.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I'm going to tell you what that problem is in one sentence.""" start="00:00:36.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""You ready for it? It is ...""" start="00:00:39.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the deviation of market value from _true_ value.""" start="00:00:42.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Let's think about this in the context of""" start="00:00:48.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""existing economic systems such as capitalism and communism.""" start="00:00:50.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""And of these, I want to focus on capitalism""" start="00:00:55.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because it is the only nontrivial economic system, really.""" start="00:00:58.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Communism is more sort of a political means""" start="00:01:02.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to achieve economic ends.""" start="00:01:04.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And the other economic systems exist""" start="00:01:07.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""sort of on a spectrum between these two.""" start="00:01:09.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So let's focus on capitalism.""" start="00:01:11.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Capitalism has as its basis of value supply and demand.""" start="00:01:14.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And consequently, there is a great emphasis""" start="00:01:19.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""on this idea of ownership.""" start="00:01:21.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now ownership is an idea that made some kind of sense""" start="00:01:25.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""when you have goods and services""" start="00:01:28.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that are constrained in some way,""" start="00:01:31.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that are essentially finite in supply.""" start="00:01:33.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""But when you have things like""" start="00:01:36.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""works of software, art, and music,""" start="00:01:37.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which are essentially infinite in supply,""" start="00:01:41.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the idea of ownership and supply and demand""" start="00:01:43.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""don't make sense anymore.""" start="00:01:46.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And yet we employ the institution of property""" start="00:01:48.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to constrain supply and introduce the idea of supply""" start="00:01:51.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""just so that we can induce a market value""" start="00:01:56.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""in terms of supply and demand""" start="00:01:58.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""in a capitalist economic system. And it's wrongheaded.""" start="00:02:00.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""How many of us have written copyright declarations""" start="00:02:05.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""like these on our work.""" start="00:02:10.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's a lot of work!""" start="00:02:12.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Especially when we have version control.""" start="00:02:14.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now in this example,""" start="00:02:18.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""almost every line is written by a different person,""" start="00:02:19.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""so who owns the code in this case?""" start="00:02:23.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Who owns the copyright here?""" start="00:02:25.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Is it some of them, is it all of them,""" start="00:02:27.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""do they share it in some way?""" start="00:02:30.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It doesn't really make sense,""" start="00:02:32.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""especially when the reason we're employing""" start="00:02:34.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""copyright and ownership in this case""" start="00:02:37.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is to approximate the idea of attribution,""" start="00:02:40.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which is what we really care about here.""" start="00:02:44.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And that brings us to the nature of the solution,""" start="00:02:46.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which is to move away from an economic system""" start="00:02:51.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""based on ownership and supply and demand,""" start="00:02:53.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to an economic system based on attribution, instead.""" start="00:02:55.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""That is, moving away from who _owns_ what""" start="00:02:59.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to who _did_ what and how important was it.""" start="00:03:02.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And we can do this by the process of""" start="00:03:07.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Dialectical Inheritance Attribution,""" start="00:03:09.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which just means that we do it in a collective way""" start="00:03:12.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""using common collectively agreed upon standards""" start="00:03:16.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that are applied transparently to all.""" start="00:03:20.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And when we have an economic system""" start="00:03:24.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that is based on attribution""" start="00:03:25.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as the source of value in this way,""" start="00:03:26.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""we call it attribution based economics.""" start="00:03:28.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now, once we have that, it gives us fairness,""" start="00:03:34.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""effective empowerment of expertise,""" start="00:03:39.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""freedom through incentives rather than through coercion.""" start="00:03:43.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And privacy as well.""" start="00:03:46.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""But I could tell you all of those things""" start="00:03:49.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and some may still say, "Why should I care about this?"""" start="00:03:52.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""There are those who would say""" start="00:03:57.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that fairness is not a good goal,""" start="00:03:58.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and that might makes right,""" start="00:04:00.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and that as Darwin showed us,""" start="00:04:03.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the nature of nature is violence.""" start="00:04:04.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now I know that many of us reject this ideology,""" start="00:04:09.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and we feel in our bones that it is wrong.""" start="00:04:12.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""But luckily we don't have to resort to high philosophy""" start="00:04:16.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and gut feeling in order to convince ourselves""" start="00:04:19.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that an attribution-based system is truly better.""" start="00:04:21.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Because in addition to all of""" start="00:04:24.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""those other properties we talked about,""" start="00:04:26.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""an attribution-based economic system is also efficient.""" start="00:04:28.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And I say this from the perspective of having""" start="00:04:33.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""an admiration for the efficiency of capitalism.""" start="00:04:36.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So understand that that is my perspective""" start="00:04:39.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""when I say that this system --""" start="00:04:43.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""an attribution-based economic system --""" start="00:04:45.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is significantly more efficient than capitalism.""" start="00:04:47.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And it achieves that by virtue of eliminating the waste""" start="00:04:51.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that is inherent in adversarial competition,""" start="00:04:55.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""while still preserving market forces!""" start="00:04:58.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""In addition to this property""" start="00:05:01.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""there is also this other property""" start="00:05:05.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that I think is truly profound,""" start="00:05:07.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and I want to motivate it by this example of a gyroscope.""" start="00:05:10.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now many of us have had the opportunity to play with""" start="00:05:15.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""a gyroscope at some point in our lives.""" start="00:05:19.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""If you haven't, I encourage you to go out and get one""" start="00:05:21.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and try it out. It also makes a good gift""" start="00:05:23.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""if you're thinking about giving it""" start="00:05:25.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to somebody else this year.""" start="00:05:27.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""But if you've played with a gyroscope""" start="00:05:28.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""then you've had the experience, perhaps,""" start="00:05:32.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""of putting it on your hand and moving it around.""" start="00:05:35.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And no matter what you do, it will always maintain its axis.""" start="00:05:37.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Even if you try to push it""" start="00:05:42.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and try to make it deviate from that axis,""" start="00:05:45.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""it will fight you. It will resist you,""" start="00:05:48.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and keep to that axis no matter what.""" start="00:05:50.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And if you've had this experience,""" start="00:05:53.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""then believe it or not,""" start="00:05:56.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""you have some insight into the nature of economic systems.""" start="00:05:58.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Because if we try to get an economic system to do something""" start="00:06:02.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""other than what it wants to do,""" start="00:06:07.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""other than what is its nature,""" start="00:06:09.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""then it will resist us and it will fight that change.""" start="00:06:11.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now, I don't know about you,""" start="00:06:14.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""but I'd prefer to avoid fighting these gyroscopic forces.""" start="00:06:17.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I'd rather have these forces work with me""" start="00:06:22.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""rather than against me. Now in a capitalist system,""" start="00:06:25.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""there is another problem, which is that""" start="00:06:29.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""not only do you have these gyroscopic forces at work,""" start="00:06:32.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""but these forces aren't even all working together.""" start="00:06:35.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""They're working against each other, in many cases.""" start="00:06:39.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""They represent misaligned interests.""" start="00:06:42.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And indeed, these misaligned interests""" start="00:06:46.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""are the very means by which these forces operate at all.""" start="00:06:50.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So in a way, war is not just""" start="00:06:53.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""an inevitable consequence in this system""" start="00:06:57.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""but is rather the very nature of such a system.""" start="00:06:59.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""In an attribution-based system, on the other hand,""" start="00:07:05.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""by virtue of the source of value""" start="00:07:08.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""being collective attribution,""" start="00:07:11.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""we are able to achieve alignment""" start="00:07:13.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""of all of these interests at every scale,""" start="00:07:17.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""so that at every scale of society,""" start="00:07:19.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""from the smallest to the largest scales,""" start="00:07:22.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the interests will be aligned,""" start="00:07:24.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""will be consonant and harmonious.""" start="00:07:26.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I think this is a very important, profound quality""" start="00:07:28.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that I think is the fundamental problem of economics -""" start="00:07:33.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the fundamental goal of economics to solve.""" start="00:07:38.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And I believe that an attribution-based economic system""" start="00:07:40.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""addresses it and solves it.""" start="00:07:43.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""So without further ado, I want to bring it home""" start="00:07:45.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to the prototype that we have in mind""" start="00:07:50.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""for the Emacs community.""" start="00:07:52.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now we want to start in the Emacs community""" start="00:07:53.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because Emacs has a long tradition""" start="00:07:56.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""of exploring better ways of doing things""" start="00:07:58.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and pursuing better alternatives to the status quo.""" start="00:08:02.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now, to give you an overview of the prototype""" start="00:08:05.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that we've implemented for open source projects.""" start="00:08:09.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The prototype is composed of two broad phases,""" start="00:08:12.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that is, the appraisal phase and the accounting phase.""" start="00:08:15.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Any project is composed of ideas, capital and labor.""" start="00:08:18.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The appraisal phase is involved in assessing the work done""" start="00:08:21.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""in terms of how much value was created""" start="00:08:26.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and who created the value and how important that value is.""" start="00:08:29.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The output of this stage is an attributions file.""" start="00:08:31.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And the second phase, of accounting, is about, you know,""" start="00:08:35.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""how do you handle payments that come in""" start="00:08:42.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and how do you pay people out.""" start="00:08:43.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now the first part has more of a social component to it""" start="00:08:45.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and the second part has more of""" start="00:08:48.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""a technological component to it that can be automated.""" start="00:08:50.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So in order to implement this prototype,""" start="00:08:53.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""we have two things.""" start="00:08:56.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""We have founding documents that describe the social aspects,""" start="00:08:57.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and an accounting system that automates""" start="00:09:01.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""some of the technological aspects.""" start="00:09:04.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""The founding documents, in the noble tradition""" start="00:09:05.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""of the Gayaneshagowa and the US constitution,""" start="00:09:10.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""include a constitution which describes""" start="00:09:14.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the guiding principles of ABE,""" start="00:09:17.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and the two main prongs are forward-looking empowerment""" start="00:09:20.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and backward-looking fairness.""" start="00:09:25.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""This means that we want to empower""" start="00:09:26.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""those individuals and groups""" start="00:09:28.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that are most likely to create value in the future,""" start="00:09:31.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""while also recognizing and fairly compensating""" start="00:09:33.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""those who've created value in the past,""" start="00:09:36.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to set a good example and incentivize others""" start="00:09:38.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to take chances in creating value.""" start="00:09:41.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And it describes high level principles of""" start="00:09:45.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""dialectical inheritance attribution""" start="00:09:50.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as proceeding by means of""" start="00:09:52.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""common, collectively agreed-upon standards""" start="00:09:53.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that are applied to all.""" start="00:09:56.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And the key thing here is these improvements feed back""" start="00:09:56.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to the whole and apply to everyone.""" start="00:09:59.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And this is an important quality""" start="00:10:01.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to ensuring fairness and accuracy.""" start="00:10:03.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""There's also a declaration of non-ownership.""" start="00:10:05.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""We saw already that ownership is an overused institution.""" start="00:10:09.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""This just codifies that and allows us to shed""" start="00:10:13.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the baggage of this idea of ownership""" start="00:10:20.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""where it doesn't make any sense.""" start="00:10:22.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""A third document is the financial model""" start="00:10:24.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which describes how payments are to be treated,""" start="00:10:28.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and a key idea here is that when you pay money""" start="00:10:31.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to an open source project, you know,""" start="00:10:34.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""today you don't really have an incentive to do so,""" start="00:10:37.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and it essentially is kind of like a donation.""" start="00:10:40.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""But in this model, in an attribution-based model,""" start="00:10:42.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""when you pay money to a project,""" start="00:10:46.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""you're creating value in a way.""" start="00:10:48.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""You're contributing value to the project""" start="00:10:50.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and that itself is attributable.""" start="00:10:51.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And the manner in which we'll treat this""" start="00:10:53.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is in terms of the fair market price that, again,""" start="00:10:56.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""we agree upon collectively.""" start="00:10:58.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And any payment that exceeds the fair market price""" start="00:11:00.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is going to be treated as investment.""" start="00:11:04.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And the goal here for this financial model""" start="00:11:06.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is for the system to be self-sustaining,""" start="00:11:10.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""so I think there are many open problems here""" start="00:11:11.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and any finance experts or any other experts""" start="00:11:15.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""who are interested in contributing here,""" start="00:11:18.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""your help is needed, certainly.""" start="00:11:21.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""There's also an attribution model document,""" start="00:11:23.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which describes some of the theoretical ideas""" start="00:11:26.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that would guide dialectical inheritance attribution,""" start="00:11:29.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and there are many interesting ideas here.""" start="00:11:33.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""One that I'd like to mention is "backpropagation,"""" start="00:11:36.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which is the idea that""" start="00:11:40.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as we're improving the standards over time""" start="00:11:42.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and they're likely to get more accurate and fair over time,""" start="00:11:45.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""we'd like these more accurate and fair standards""" start="00:11:48.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to "backpropagate" and calibrate the value assignments""" start="00:11:51.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that were done in the past.""" start="00:11:56.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And this means that some people might have been""" start="00:11:57.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""underpaid in the past""" start="00:12:01.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and we would pay them what they were underpaid,""" start="00:12:02.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""or the balance,""" start="00:12:05.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and some people may have been overpaid.""" start="00:12:06.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Now in that case we're not going to go and say,""" start="00:12:08.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text=""""hey we overpaid you, give us the money back."""" start="00:12:11.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Instead the system as a whole is going to bear""" start="00:12:14.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the cost of being wrong,""" start="00:12:18.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and so it's kind of an insurance policy.""" start="00:12:19.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""But I think another more interesting quality here is that""" start="00:12:22.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the system in practice wouldn't really""" start="00:12:25.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""absorb any negative impact here""" start="00:12:29.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because there is an incentive""" start="00:12:33.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""for these people who've been overpaid""" start="00:12:34.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to reinvest that money.""" start="00:12:37.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So I think they would want to invest the money""" start="00:12:38.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""in other places that the system has valued""" start="00:12:42.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as being valuable and showing potential.""" start="00:12:45.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""The second component of the implementation""" start="00:12:49.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is the accounting system. All accounting is public.""" start="00:12:54.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""All payments into the repo are public""" start="00:12:58.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and all payments out of the project are also public.""" start="00:13:00.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""We can do some things for privacy,""" start="00:13:03.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and again, the basis of this system is dialogue.""" start="00:13:05.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's not a fundamentally technologically system.""" start="00:13:08.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's a fundamentally dialogue-based system,""" start="00:13:10.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and that, to be honest with you, is everything.""" start="00:13:12.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""It's all systems that we have in place.""" start="00:13:14.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""But by embracing that, it means that""" start="00:13:17.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""we can do whatever we want to do by discussion,""" start="00:13:21.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and if there's something""" start="00:13:25.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that we cannot achieve in a technological way,""" start="00:13:26.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""we'll achieve it in a non-technological way.""" start="00:13:27.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""But anyway, the point is, all accounting is public,""" start="00:13:30.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and text files in the repository""" start="00:13:36.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""form the inputs and outputs of the accounting system""" start="00:13:40.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which is implemented as a GitHub action.""" start="00:13:43.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So typically a source repository will have""" start="00:13:48.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""an ABE folder containing these three inputs:""" start="00:13:51.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""attributions, payments,""" start="00:13:54.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and payouts. And we'll see how that works.""" start="00:13:55.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""This is the drym.org Github organization account.""" start="00:13:59.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""This is an example of a repository that uses""" start="00:14:04.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the GitHub action accounting system.""" start="00:14:09.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So there will be a payments folder, a payouts folder,""" start="00:14:12.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as well as an attributions file.""" start="00:14:16.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The payments: essentially each file""" start="00:14:18.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""just represents a payment that's made to the repository.""" start="00:14:23.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Payouts is the same except it's payments""" start="00:14:26.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""made by the admins of the repository to contributors.""" start="00:14:29.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And the attributions file breaks down""" start="00:14:32.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the attribution of the value in the repository""" start="00:14:37.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""by contributor. And then the billing system runs""" start="00:14:40.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""on every relevant commit,""" start="00:14:47.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""which is typically changes to the ABE folder,""" start="00:14:50.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""generates a set of transactions""" start="00:14:53.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that are owed to various people from various payments,""" start="00:14:57.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and then creates an issue with the outstanding balances""" start="00:15:00.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that need to be paid out to contributors,""" start="00:15:05.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and tells you what those balances are.""" start="00:15:07.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So for repository or project maintainers,""" start="00:15:09.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""it automates all these accounting details""" start="00:15:11.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and you just have to worry about fulfilling the payments.""" start="00:15:14.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""An interesting property of the prototype""" start="00:15:17.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is that boundary incentives expand the boundary,""" start="00:15:23.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and that is that the incentives in the system""" start="00:15:28.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""are so constructed that those on the periphery""" start="00:15:33.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""of the attribution-based economic system""" start="00:15:38.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""have an incentive to join in.""" start="00:15:40.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And we'll see how that works.""" start="00:15:42.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Well, as I mentioned, we're starting this prototype""" start="00:15:45.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""in the Emacs community with the""" start="00:15:51.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Symex repo. Symex is a structural editing package,""" start="00:15:52.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and this prototype will recognize direct contributors""" start="00:15:59.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as well as antecedents and related projects""" start="00:16:05.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""through the process of collective attribution.""" start="00:16:08.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""We all decide how financial contributions to the Symex repo""" start="00:16:09.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""are going to be distributed to the direct contributors""" start="00:16:14.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as well as to antecedents and related projects.""" start="00:16:18.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So the power is yours!""" start="00:16:21.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And that's what I meant when I said""" start="00:16:23.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that the boundary incentives expand the boundary,""" start="00:16:27.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because projects that we agree are owed money""" start="00:16:29.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""from the Symex repo now would have an incentive to join,""" start="00:16:32.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because once they join they would get that money.""" start="00:16:37.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And we'll also be implementing this in the""" start="00:16:39.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Racket community. Racket is a Scheme dialect,""" start="00:16:43.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and Emacs has great support for Racket in Racket Mode""" start="00:16:47.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""so I encourage you to try it.""" start="00:16:50.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And we'll be prototyping it in the Qi repository.""" start="00:16:52.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Qi is a language written in Racket which is, you know,""" start="00:16:56.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""it's for functional programming and things like that.""" start="00:16:59.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And once again, we'll recognize direct contributors""" start="00:17:02.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as well as antecedents and we all decide""" start="00:17:06.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and agree on how those are done.""" start="00:17:09.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""So how do you adopt this?""" start="00:17:11.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""You can add the github action to a repo""" start="00:17:14.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that you are a maintainer of.""" start="00:17:18.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""You can financially support an ABE project.""" start="00:17:20.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""This is important to do""" start="00:17:23.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because the system won't get started""" start="00:17:25.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""without money as an input.""" start="00:17:26.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And it also has network effects, as we saw -""" start="00:17:28.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the more money you contribute,""" start="00:17:31.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the more incentive there is""" start="00:17:33.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""for other people to join the system.""" start="00:17:35.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And contributions are also attributable,""" start="00:17:36.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as we said earlier.""" start="00:17:39.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Some of them can be treated as investments.""" start="00:17:41.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Any help you can provide with funding""" start="00:17:43.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""would be attributable and very helpful, of course.""" start="00:17:48.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And yeah, if you can help us achieve""" start="00:17:50.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""the goal of self-sufficiency""" start="00:17:54.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""without relying on capitalist entry points,""" start="00:17:55.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that would be very helpful as well.""" start="00:17:59.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""I'd like to acknowledge the help of many individuals""" start="00:18:01.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""for this presentation""" start="00:18:06.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""as well as many of the supporting things""" start="00:18:09.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that have gone on behind the scenes for years.""" start="00:18:12.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And in particular for now I want to mention""" start="00:18:14.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""Jair and Ariana who wrote the accounting system""" start="00:18:19.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that we saw earlier, and Salim who encouraged me""" start="00:18:25.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""to take this social approach to the prototype.""" start="00:18:28.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And so many more people who have believed and invested""" start="00:18:32.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""in the cause of "attribution, not ownership!"""" start="00:18:36.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""I want to leave you with this closing thought.""" start="00:18:39.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The electromagnetic attraction between two objects""" start="00:18:42.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is 10^42 stronger (!) than the gravitational attraction""" start="00:18:46.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""between these same objects.""" start="00:18:49.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And yet, a stone falls to the Earth""" start="00:18:51.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""under the influence of gravity, not magnetism.""" start="00:18:53.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""The reason is that the e/m forces are polarized,""" start="00:18:56.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""much like our world, and cancel each other out.""" start="00:19:00.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="""Now in this world, we are told""" start="00:19:04.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""that we should look out for ourselves""" start="00:19:07.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because no one is going to look out for us.""" start="00:19:09.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""That we should take care of our own""" start="00:19:11.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because we can't rely on others to care.""" start="00:19:14.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""An attribution-based economy is nothing like that.""" start="00:19:17.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""We care about each other,""" start="00:19:22.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""we take care of each other,""" start="00:19:23.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""because taking care of one another is valuable,""" start="00:19:25.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""and an attribution-based economic system""" start="00:19:29.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""is capable of recognizing that value, in financial terms.""" start="00:19:32.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""And as a result, we are safe in the embrace of the world.""" start="00:19:39.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="""So, um, yeah. Let's go!""" start="00:19:43.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
Captioner: sid
Questions or comments? Please e-mail [sid@drym.org](mailto:sid@drym.org?subject=Comment%20for%20EmacsConf%202022%20maint%3A%20Maintaining%20the%20Maintainers%3A%20Attribution%20as%20an%20Economic%20Model%20for%20Open%20Source)
<!-- End of emacsconf-publish-after-page -->
