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# Transcript
[[!template new="1" text="When we think about the problems of the world" start="00:00:00.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="we see global warming, war, appropriation, poverty," start="00:00:06.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and among numerous other problems," start="00:00:12.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="also the inability to make a living" start="00:00:13.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as an open source developer." start="00:00:16.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="Now this last problem may seem a lot less consequential" start="00:00:18.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="compared to the other ones," start="00:00:22.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="but what if I told you that the solution to this problem" start="00:00:23.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and the solutions to the others are one and the same?" start="00:00:26.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="And it's because there's a common underlying problem" start="00:00:30.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="at the heart of all of these problems." start="00:00:33.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="I'm going to tell you what that problem is in one sentence." start="00:00:36.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="You ready for it? It is ..." start="00:00:39.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the deviation of market value from _true_ value." start="00:00:42.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Let's think about this in the context of" start="00:00:48.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="existing economic systems such as capitalism and communism." start="00:00:50.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="And of these, I want to focus on capitalism" start="00:00:55.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="because it is the only nontrivial economic system, really." start="00:00:58.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Communism is more sort of a political means" start="00:01:02.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to achieve economic ends." start="00:01:04.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And the other economic systems exist" start="00:01:07.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="sort of on a spectrum between these two." start="00:01:09.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So let's focus on capitalism." start="00:01:11.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Capitalism has as its basis of value supply and demand." start="00:01:14.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And consequently, there is a great emphasis" start="00:01:19.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="on this idea of ownership." start="00:01:21.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now ownership is an idea that made some kind of sense" start="00:01:25.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="when you have goods and services" start="00:01:28.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that are constrained in some way," start="00:01:31.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that are essentially finite in supply." start="00:01:33.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="But when you have things like" start="00:01:36.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="works of software, art, and music," start="00:01:37.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="which are essentially infinite in supply," start="00:01:41.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the idea of ownership and supply and demand" start="00:01:43.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="don't make sense anymore." start="00:01:46.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And yet we employ the institution of property" start="00:01:48.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to constrain supply and introduce the idea of supply" start="00:01:51.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="just so that we can induce a market value" start="00:01:56.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="in terms of supply and demand" start="00:01:58.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="in a capitalist economic system. And it's wrongheaded." start="00:02:00.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="How many of us have written copyright declarations" start="00:02:05.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="like these on our work." start="00:02:10.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="It's a lot of work!" start="00:02:12.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Especially when we have version control." start="00:02:14.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now in this example," start="00:02:18.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="almost every line is written by a different person," start="00:02:19.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="so who owns the code in this case?" start="00:02:23.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Who owns the copyright here?" start="00:02:25.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Is it some of them, is it all of them," start="00:02:27.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="do they share it in some way?" start="00:02:30.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="It doesn't really make sense," start="00:02:32.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="especially when the reason we're employing" start="00:02:34.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="copyright and ownership in this case" start="00:02:37.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="is to approximate the idea of attribution," start="00:02:40.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="which is what we really care about here." start="00:02:44.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And that brings us to the nature of the solution," start="00:02:46.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="which is to move away from an economic system" start="00:02:51.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="based on ownership and supply and demand," start="00:02:53.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to an economic system based on attribution, instead." start="00:02:55.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="That is, moving away from who _owns_ what" start="00:02:59.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to who _did_ what and how important was it." start="00:03:02.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And we can do this by the process of" start="00:03:07.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Dialectical Inheritance Attribution," start="00:03:09.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="which just means that we do it in a collective way" start="00:03:12.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="using common collectively agreed upon standards" start="00:03:16.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that are applied transparently to all." start="00:03:20.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And when we have an economic system" start="00:03:24.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that is based on attribution" start="00:03:25.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as the source of value in this way," start="00:03:26.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="we call it attribution based economics." start="00:03:28.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now, once we have that, it gives us fairness," start="00:03:34.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="effective empowerment of expertise," start="00:03:39.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="freedom through incentives rather than through coercion." start="00:03:43.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And privacy as well." start="00:03:46.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="But I could tell you all of those things" start="00:03:49.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and some may still say, "Why should I care about this?"" start="00:03:52.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="There are those who would say" start="00:03:57.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that fairness is not a good goal," start="00:03:58.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and that might makes right," start="00:04:00.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and that as Darwin showed us," start="00:04:03.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the nature of nature is violence." start="00:04:04.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now I know that many of us reject this ideology," start="00:04:09.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and we feel in our bones that it is wrong." start="00:04:12.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="But luckily we don't have to resort to high philosophy" start="00:04:16.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and gut feeling in order to convince ourselves" start="00:04:19.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that an attribution-based system is truly better." start="00:04:21.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Because in addition to all of" start="00:04:24.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="those other properties we talked about," start="00:04:26.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="an attribution-based economic system is also efficient." start="00:04:28.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And I say this from the perspective of having" start="00:04:33.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="an admiration for the efficiency of capitalism." start="00:04:36.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So understand that that is my perspective" start="00:04:39.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="when I say that this system --" start="00:04:43.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="an attribution-based economic system --" start="00:04:45.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="is significantly more efficient than capitalism." start="00:04:47.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And it achieves that by virtue of eliminating the waste" start="00:04:51.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that is inherent in adversarial competition," start="00:04:55.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="while still preserving market forces!" start="00:04:58.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="In addition to this property" start="00:05:01.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="there is also this other property" start="00:05:05.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that I think is truly profound," start="00:05:07.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and I want to motivate it by this example of a gyroscope." start="00:05:10.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now many of us have had the opportunity to play with" start="00:05:15.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="a gyroscope at some point in our lives." start="00:05:19.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="If you haven't, I encourage you to go out and get one" start="00:05:21.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and try it out. It also makes a good gift" start="00:05:23.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="if you're thinking about giving it" start="00:05:25.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to somebody else this year." start="00:05:27.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="But if you've played with a gyroscope" start="00:05:28.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="then you've had the experience, perhaps," start="00:05:32.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="of putting it on your hand and moving it around." start="00:05:35.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And no matter what you do, it will always maintain its axis." start="00:05:37.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Even if you try to push it" start="00:05:42.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and try to make it deviate from that axis," start="00:05:45.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="it will fight you. It will resist you," start="00:05:48.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and keep to that axis no matter what." start="00:05:50.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And if you've had this experience," start="00:05:53.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="then believe it or not," start="00:05:56.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="you have some insight into the nature of economic systems." start="00:05:58.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Because if we try to get an economic system to do something" start="00:06:02.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="other than what it wants to do," start="00:06:07.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="other than what is its nature," start="00:06:09.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="then it will resist us and it will fight that change." start="00:06:11.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now, I don't know about you," start="00:06:14.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="but I'd prefer to avoid fighting these gyroscopic forces." start="00:06:17.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="I'd rather have these forces work with me" start="00:06:22.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="rather than against me. Now in a capitalist system," start="00:06:25.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="there is another problem, which is that" start="00:06:29.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="not only do you have these gyroscopic forces at work," start="00:06:32.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="but these forces aren't even all working together." start="00:06:35.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="They're working against each other, in many cases." start="00:06:39.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="They represent misaligned interests." start="00:06:42.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And indeed, these misaligned interests" start="00:06:46.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="are the very means by which these forces operate at all." start="00:06:50.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So in a way, war is not just" start="00:06:53.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="an inevitable consequence in this system" start="00:06:57.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="but is rather the very nature of such a system." start="00:06:59.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="In an attribution-based system, on the other hand," start="00:07:05.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="by virtue of the source of value" start="00:07:08.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="being collective attribution," start="00:07:11.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="we are able to achieve alignment" start="00:07:13.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="of all of these interests at every scale," start="00:07:17.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="so that at every scale of society," start="00:07:19.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="from the smallest to the largest scales," start="00:07:22.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the interests will be aligned," start="00:07:24.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="will be consonant and harmonious." start="00:07:26.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="I think this is a very important, profound quality" start="00:07:28.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that I think is the fundamental problem of economics -" start="00:07:33.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the fundamental goal of economics to solve." start="00:07:38.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And I believe that an attribution-based economic system" start="00:07:40.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="addresses it and solves it." start="00:07:43.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="So without further ado, I want to bring it home" start="00:07:45.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to the prototype that we have in mind" start="00:07:50.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="for the Emacs community." start="00:07:52.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now we want to start in the Emacs community" start="00:07:53.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="because Emacs has a long tradition" start="00:07:56.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="of exploring better ways of doing things" start="00:07:58.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and pursuing better alternatives to the status quo." start="00:08:02.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now, to give you an overview of the prototype" start="00:08:05.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that we've implemented for open source projects." start="00:08:09.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="The prototype is composed of two broad phases," start="00:08:12.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that is, the appraisal phase and the accounting phase." start="00:08:15.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Any project is composed of ideas, capital and labor." start="00:08:18.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="The appraisal phase is involved in assessing the work done" start="00:08:21.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="in terms of how much value was created" start="00:08:26.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and who created the value and how important that value is." start="00:08:29.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="The output of this stage is an attributions file." start="00:08:31.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And the second phase, of accounting, is about, you know," start="00:08:35.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="how do you handle payments that come in" start="00:08:42.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and how do you pay people out." start="00:08:43.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now the first part has more of a social component to it" start="00:08:45.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and the second part has more of" start="00:08:48.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="a technological component to it that can be automated." start="00:08:50.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So in order to implement this prototype," start="00:08:53.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="we have two things." start="00:08:56.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="We have founding documents that describe the social aspects," start="00:08:57.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and an accounting system that automates" start="00:09:01.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="some of the technological aspects." start="00:09:04.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="The founding documents, in the noble tradition" start="00:09:05.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="of the Gayaneshagowa and the US constitution," start="00:09:10.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="include a constitution which describes" start="00:09:14.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the guiding principles of ABE," start="00:09:17.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and the two main prongs are forward-looking empowerment" start="00:09:20.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and backward-looking fairness." start="00:09:25.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="This means that we want to empower" start="00:09:26.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="those individuals and groups" start="00:09:28.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that are most likely to create value in the future," start="00:09:31.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="while also recognizing and fairly compensating" start="00:09:33.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="those who've created value in the past," start="00:09:36.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to set a good example and incentivize others" start="00:09:38.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to take chances in creating value." start="00:09:41.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And it describes high level principles of" start="00:09:45.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="dialectical inheritance attribution" start="00:09:50.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as proceeding by means of" start="00:09:52.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="common, collectively agreed-upon standards" start="00:09:53.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that are applied to all." start="00:09:56.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And the key thing here is these improvements feed back" start="00:09:56.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to the whole and apply to everyone." start="00:09:59.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And this is an important quality" start="00:10:01.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to ensuring fairness and accuracy." start="00:10:03.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="There's also a declaration of non-ownership." start="00:10:05.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="We saw already that ownership is an overused institution." start="00:10:09.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="This just codifies that and allows us to shed" start="00:10:13.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the baggage of this idea of ownership" start="00:10:20.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="where it doesn't make any sense." start="00:10:22.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="A third document is the financial model" start="00:10:24.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="which describes how payments are to be treated," start="00:10:28.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and a key idea here is that when you pay money" start="00:10:31.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to an open source project, you know," start="00:10:34.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="today you don't really have an incentive to do so," start="00:10:37.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and it essentially is kind of like a donation." start="00:10:40.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="But in this model, in an attribution-based model," start="00:10:42.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="when you pay money to a project," start="00:10:46.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="you're creating value in a way." start="00:10:48.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="You're contributing value to the project" start="00:10:50.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and that itself is attributable." start="00:10:51.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And the manner in which we'll treat this" start="00:10:53.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="is in terms of the fair market price that, again," start="00:10:56.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="we agree upon collectively." start="00:10:58.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And any payment that exceeds the fair market price" start="00:11:00.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="is going to be treated as investment." start="00:11:04.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And the goal here for this financial model" start="00:11:06.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="is for the system to be self-sustaining," start="00:11:10.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="so I think there are many open problems here" start="00:11:11.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and any finance experts or any other experts" start="00:11:15.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="who are interested in contributing here," start="00:11:18.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="your help is needed, certainly." start="00:11:21.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="There's also an attribution model document," start="00:11:23.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="which describes some of the theoretical ideas" start="00:11:26.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that would guide dialectical inheritance attribution," start="00:11:29.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and there are many interesting ideas here." start="00:11:33.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="One that I'd like to mention is "backpropagation,"" start="00:11:36.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="which is the idea that" start="00:11:40.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as we're improving the standards over time" start="00:11:42.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and they're likely to get more accurate and fair over time," start="00:11:45.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="we'd like these more accurate and fair standards" start="00:11:48.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to "backpropagate" and calibrate the value assignments" start="00:11:51.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that were done in the past." start="00:11:56.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And this means that some people might have been" start="00:11:57.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="underpaid in the past" start="00:12:01.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and we would pay them what they were underpaid," start="00:12:02.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="or the balance," start="00:12:05.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and some people may have been overpaid." start="00:12:06.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Now in that case we're not going to go and say," start="00:12:08.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text=""hey we overpaid you, give us the money back."" start="00:12:11.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Instead the system as a whole is going to bear" start="00:12:14.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the cost of being wrong," start="00:12:18.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and so it's kind of an insurance policy." start="00:12:19.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="But I think another more interesting quality here is that" start="00:12:22.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the system in practice wouldn't really" start="00:12:25.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="absorb any negative impact here" start="00:12:29.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="because there is an incentive" start="00:12:33.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="for these people who've been overpaid" start="00:12:34.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to reinvest that money." start="00:12:37.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So I think they would want to invest the money" start="00:12:38.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="in other places that the system has valued" start="00:12:42.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as being valuable and showing potential." start="00:12:45.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="The second component of the implementation" start="00:12:49.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="is the accounting system. All accounting is public." start="00:12:54.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="All payments into the repo are public" start="00:12:58.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and all payments out of the project are also public." start="00:13:00.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="We can do some things for privacy," start="00:13:03.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and again, the basis of this system is dialogue." start="00:13:05.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="It's not a fundamentally technologically system." start="00:13:08.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="It's a fundamentally dialogue-based system," start="00:13:10.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and that, to be honest with you, is everything." start="00:13:12.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="It's all systems that we have in place." start="00:13:14.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="But by embracing that, it means that" start="00:13:17.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="we can do whatever we want to do by discussion," start="00:13:21.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and if there's something" start="00:13:25.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that we cannot achieve in a technological way," start="00:13:26.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="we'll achieve it in a non-technological way." start="00:13:27.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="But anyway, the point is, all accounting is public," start="00:13:30.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and text files in the repository" start="00:13:36.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="form the inputs and outputs of the accounting system" start="00:13:40.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="which is implemented as a GitHub action." start="00:13:43.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So typically a source repository will have" start="00:13:48.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="an ABE folder containing these three inputs:" start="00:13:51.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="attributions, payments," start="00:13:54.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and payouts. And we'll see how that works." start="00:13:55.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="This is the drym.org Github organization account." start="00:13:59.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="This is an example of a repository that uses" start="00:14:04.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the GitHub action accounting system." start="00:14:09.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So there will be a payments folder, a payouts folder," start="00:14:12.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as well as an attributions file." start="00:14:16.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="The payments: essentially each file" start="00:14:18.640" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="just represents a payment that's made to the repository." start="00:14:23.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Payouts is the same except it's payments" start="00:14:26.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="made by the admins of the repository to contributors." start="00:14:29.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And the attributions file breaks down" start="00:14:32.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the attribution of the value in the repository" start="00:14:37.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="by contributor. And then the billing system runs" start="00:14:40.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="on every relevant commit," start="00:14:47.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="which is typically changes to the ABE folder," start="00:14:50.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="generates a set of transactions" start="00:14:53.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that are owed to various people from various payments," start="00:14:57.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and then creates an issue with the outstanding balances" start="00:15:00.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that need to be paid out to contributors," start="00:15:05.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and tells you what those balances are." start="00:15:07.280" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So for repository or project maintainers," start="00:15:09.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="it automates all these accounting details" start="00:15:11.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and you just have to worry about fulfilling the payments." start="00:15:14.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="An interesting property of the prototype" start="00:15:17.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="is that boundary incentives expand the boundary," start="00:15:23.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and that is that the incentives in the system" start="00:15:28.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="are so constructed that those on the periphery" start="00:15:33.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="of the attribution-based economic system" start="00:15:38.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="have an incentive to join in." start="00:15:40.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And we'll see how that works." start="00:15:42.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Well, as I mentioned, we're starting this prototype" start="00:15:45.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="in the Emacs community with the" start="00:15:51.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Symex repo. Symex is a structural editing package," start="00:15:52.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and this prototype will recognize direct contributors" start="00:15:59.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as well as antecedents and related projects" start="00:16:05.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="through the process of collective attribution." start="00:16:08.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="We all decide how financial contributions to the Symex repo" start="00:16:09.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="are going to be distributed to the direct contributors" start="00:16:14.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as well as to antecedents and related projects." start="00:16:18.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So the power is yours!" start="00:16:21.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And that's what I meant when I said" start="00:16:23.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that the boundary incentives expand the boundary," start="00:16:27.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="because projects that we agree are owed money" start="00:16:29.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="from the Symex repo now would have an incentive to join," start="00:16:32.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="because once they join they would get that money." start="00:16:37.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And we'll also be implementing this in the" start="00:16:39.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Racket community. Racket is a Scheme dialect," start="00:16:43.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and Emacs has great support for Racket in Racket Mode" start="00:16:47.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="so I encourage you to try it." start="00:16:50.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And we'll be prototyping it in the Qi repository." start="00:16:52.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Qi is a language written in Racket which is, you know," start="00:16:56.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="it's for functional programming and things like that." start="00:16:59.600" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And once again, we'll recognize direct contributors" start="00:17:02.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as well as antecedents and we all decide" start="00:17:06.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and agree on how those are done." start="00:17:09.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="So how do you adopt this?" start="00:17:11.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="You can add the github action to a repo" start="00:17:14.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that you are a maintainer of." start="00:17:18.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="You can financially support an ABE project." start="00:17:20.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="This is important to do" start="00:17:23.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="because the system won't get started" start="00:17:25.200" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="without money as an input." start="00:17:26.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And it also has network effects, as we saw -" start="00:17:28.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the more money you contribute," start="00:17:31.120" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the more incentive there is" start="00:17:33.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="for other people to join the system." start="00:17:35.240" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And contributions are also attributable," start="00:17:36.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as we said earlier." start="00:17:39.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Some of them can be treated as investments." start="00:17:41.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Any help you can provide with funding" start="00:17:43.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="would be attributable and very helpful, of course." start="00:17:48.000" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And yeah, if you can help us achieve" start="00:17:50.520" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="the goal of self-sufficiency" start="00:17:54.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="without relying on capitalist entry points," start="00:17:55.840" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that would be very helpful as well." start="00:17:59.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="I'd like to acknowledge the help of many individuals" start="00:18:01.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="for this presentation" start="00:18:06.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="as well as many of the supporting things" start="00:18:09.400" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that have gone on behind the scenes for years." start="00:18:12.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And in particular for now I want to mention" start="00:18:14.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="Jair and Ariana who wrote the accounting system" start="00:18:19.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that we saw earlier, and Salim who encouraged me" start="00:18:25.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="to take this social approach to the prototype." start="00:18:28.320" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And so many more people who have believed and invested" start="00:18:32.800" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="in the cause of "attribution, not ownership!"" start="00:18:36.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="I want to leave you with this closing thought." start="00:18:39.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="The electromagnetic attraction between two objects" start="00:18:42.760" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="is 10^42 stronger (!) than the gravitational attraction" start="00:18:46.160" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="between these same objects." start="00:18:49.920" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And yet, a stone falls to the Earth" start="00:18:51.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="under the influence of gravity, not magnetism." start="00:18:53.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="The reason is that the e/m forces are polarized," start="00:18:56.680" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="much like our world, and cancel each other out." start="00:19:00.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template new="1" text="Now in this world, we are told" start="00:19:04.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="that we should look out for ourselves" start="00:19:07.720" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="because no one is going to look out for us." start="00:19:09.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="That we should take care of our own" start="00:19:11.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="because we can't rely on others to care." start="00:19:14.040" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="An attribution-based economy is nothing like that." start="00:19:17.360" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="We care about each other," start="00:19:22.480" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="we take care of each other," start="00:19:23.960" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="because taking care of one another is valuable," start="00:19:25.440" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="and an attribution-based economic system" start="00:19:29.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="is capable of recognizing that value, in financial terms." start="00:19:32.560" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="And as a result, we are safe in the embrace of the world." start="00:19:39.080" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
[[!template text="So, um, yeah. Let's go!" start="00:19:43.880" video="mainVideo-maint" id="subtitle"]]
Questions or comments? Please e-mail [sid@drym.org](mailto:sid@drym.org?subject=Comment%20for%20EmacsConf%202022%20maint%3A%20Maintaining%20the%20Maintainers%3A%20Attribution%20as%20an%20Economic%20Model%20for%20Open%20Source)
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