From 5a93f34c1587eb84d5aaccf01144e25c47358f91 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sacha Chua <sacha@sachachua.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Nov 2021 14:39:49 -0500
Subject: Update

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+WEBVTT
+
+00:01.920 --> 00:03.280
+Hi everyone!
+
+00:03.280 --> 00:04.400
+My name is Shane,
+
+00:04.400 --> 00:09.679
+and it's truly a real honor to be
+
+00:09.679 --> 00:14.480
+able to speak at EmacsConf.
+
+00:14.480 --> 00:16.880
+I love Emacs. I love Emacs Lisp,
+
+00:16.880 --> 00:19.279
+and this is also another topic
+
+00:19.279 --> 00:22.233
+that really excites me ever since
+
+00:22.233 --> 00:28.160
+I got my hands on OpenAI's GPT-3.
+
+00:28.160 --> 00:29.920
+Six months ago, I knew that it was
+
+00:29.920 --> 00:33.920
+important to research this for Emacs,
+
+00:33.920 --> 00:35.980
+you know, asides from being somebody
+
+00:35.980 --> 00:39.040
+who never wants to leave Emacs myself,
+
+00:39.040 --> 00:41.440
+and I hope that….
+
+00:41.440 --> 00:43.120
+Being one of the few Emacs users,
+
+00:43.120 --> 00:45.360
+possibly the only one that had
+
+00:45.360 --> 00:48.160
+access to GPT-3 for this long,
+
+00:48.160 --> 00:52.559
+I hope that I can contribute.
+
+00:52.559 --> 00:55.199
+So, Emacs, sorry.
+
+00:55.199 --> 00:58.960
+Imaginary programming is…,
+
+00:58.960 --> 01:01.280
+it's based on prompt engineering currently,
+
+01:01.280 --> 01:02.559
+but it's an abstraction over
+
+01:02.559 --> 01:03.359
+prompt engineering.
+
+01:03.359 --> 01:06.479
+You can read about prompt engineering
+
+01:06.479 --> 01:08.560
+and language models,
+
+01:08.560 --> 01:13.040
+that's quite easy to google for.
+
+01:13.040 --> 01:15.520
+And imaginary programming is a subfield
+
+01:15.520 --> 01:17.360
+of imaginary computing,
+
+01:17.360 --> 01:19.424
+which is just the larger domain
+
+01:19.424 --> 01:21.420
+of employing of computing
+
+01:21.420 --> 01:24.240
+that's based on imagination,
+
+01:24.240 --> 01:25.600
+artificial imagination,
+
+01:25.600 --> 01:29.920
+so, basically, dreaming up user interfaces
+
+01:29.920 --> 01:32.159
+instead of…, or at least partially
+
+01:32.159 --> 01:34.079
+dreaming them up.
+
+01:34.079 --> 01:41.439
+I suppose that it's a fringe paradigm,
+
+01:41.439 --> 01:43.759
+but it's extremely useful.
+
+01:43.759 --> 01:47.759
+Imaginary computing,
+
+01:47.759 --> 01:49.200
+if you're willing to call it that,
+
+01:49.200 --> 01:51.920
+would be what's used to
+
+01:51.920 --> 01:53.413
+imagine simulations
+
+01:53.413 --> 01:54.320
+for self-driving cars,
+
+01:54.320 --> 01:57.840
+as they're trained for example.
+
+01:57.840 --> 01:58.984
+But this technology finds
+
+01:58.984 --> 02:00.960
+its way to the public,
+
+02:00.960 --> 02:04.880
+and it should be in the public domain.
+
+02:04.880 --> 02:06.799
+So, Demis Hassabis
+
+02:06.799 --> 02:08.959
+he's the founder of DeepMind,
+
+02:08.959 --> 02:12.400
+and he did his Ph.D. in human imagination,
+
+02:12.400 --> 02:16.900
+now he's working on artificial imagination.
+
+02:16.900 --> 02:20.239
+So, just a couple of days ago
+
+02:20.239 --> 02:25.040
+I took AlephAlpha's world model API
+
+02:25.040 --> 02:28.080
+and I plugged it into Emacs's eww browser,
+
+02:28.080 --> 02:30.800
+and now I have a way of generating
+
+02:30.800 --> 02:33.840
+text for the images instead of actually…,
+
+02:33.840 --> 02:38.072
+so I can stay in my text only Emacs,
+
+02:38.072 --> 02:42.560
+which is the way it should be.
+
+02:42.560 --> 02:45.636
+Intelligent NFTs, I'll leave this
+
+02:45.636 --> 02:47.360
+for you guys to look at.
+
+02:47.360 --> 02:49.280
+Information bubbles.
+
+02:49.280 --> 02:55.360
+So, there's some potential bad outcomes
+
+02:55.360 --> 03:05.680
+from the runaway empowering of these
+
+03:05.680 --> 03:08.959
+large language models and other models
+
+03:08.959 --> 03:10.000
+in commercial hands.
+
+03:10.000 --> 03:13.680
+It's causing information bubbles and
+
+03:13.680 --> 03:15.680
+ways of controlling people.
+
+03:15.680 --> 03:19.440
+So, for example,
+
+03:19.440 --> 03:21.680
+micro tasks and stuff that…,
+
+03:21.680 --> 03:23.650
+furthermore just automating away,
+
+03:23.650 --> 03:26.000
+or abstracting away the role
+
+03:26.000 --> 03:27.680
+of a programmer,
+
+03:27.680 --> 03:29.360
+and the automating more and more
+
+03:29.360 --> 03:32.319
+increasingly abstract tasks,
+
+03:32.319 --> 03:33.659
+and I think the solution is to
+
+03:33.659 --> 03:36.319
+decentralize and break up these tasks.
+
+03:36.319 --> 03:39.120
+I have a potential way of doing that,
+
+03:39.120 --> 03:40.693
+but firstly I'll talk about
+
+03:40.693 --> 03:42.400
+the imaginary web briefly
+
+03:42.400 --> 03:44.720
+because the thing about these
+
+03:44.720 --> 03:48.000
+language models is,
+
+03:48.000 --> 03:49.280
+they can replace basically
+
+03:49.280 --> 03:52.159
+everything on the internet.
+
+03:52.159 --> 03:55.280
+So, like, replace your Wikipedia,
+
+03:55.280 --> 03:57.680
+or Stack Overflow,
+
+03:57.680 --> 04:01.519
+replace conversation if you want it with,
+
+04:01.519 --> 04:05.920
+from real people to chatbots instead,
+
+04:05.920 --> 04:13.120
+replace basically anything there's
+
+04:13.120 --> 04:14.959
+a website for.
+
+04:14.959 --> 04:17.280
+And that means that rich media has gone
+
+04:17.280 --> 04:20.639
+from becoming images and video
+
+04:20.639 --> 04:22.560
+and even from paywalls
+
+04:22.560 --> 04:26.400
+now into intelligent and truthful,
+
+04:26.400 --> 04:29.520
+because generating fictional websites
+
+04:29.520 --> 04:31.919
+is going to become a very easy thing to do,
+
+04:31.919 --> 04:35.120
+and actually the best way to do it,
+
+04:35.120 --> 04:37.440
+and the most useful way to do it,
+
+04:37.440 --> 04:40.560
+so then you need a source of truth.
+
+04:40.560 --> 04:43.759
+The imaginary web is a thing,
+
+04:43.759 --> 04:46.000
+imaginary interpreters are a thing,
+
+04:46.000 --> 04:50.000
+so you imagine your interpreter,
+
+04:50.000 --> 04:53.759
+or you overlay prompting on top of
+
+04:53.759 --> 04:55.520
+a real interpreter to see
+
+04:55.520 --> 04:57.440
+what you might want to do
+
+04:57.440 --> 04:58.800
+in an interpreter,
+
+04:58.800 --> 05:01.039
+and what you might want to say to somebody
+
+05:01.039 --> 05:01.919
+if you're talking to them.
+
+05:01.919 --> 05:03.199
+If you're inside, say,
+
+05:03.199 --> 05:05.840
+ERC in Emacs, an IRC client,
+
+05:05.840 --> 05:07.440
+and you prompt after somebody
+
+05:07.440 --> 05:08.479
+says something,
+
+05:08.479 --> 05:10.400
+then the prompt will probably suggest,
+
+05:10.400 --> 05:13.120
+what you might say in return,
+
+05:13.120 --> 05:15.199
+and then you can prompt like a multiverse,
+
+05:15.199 --> 05:18.800
+and you can pick from them.
+
+05:18.800 --> 05:23.912
+There's a bunch of crazy utilities
+
+05:23.912 --> 05:26.560
+for these language models.
+
+05:26.560 --> 05:28.960
+Paracosm vs Metaverse.
+
+05:28.960 --> 05:30.828
+So, Mark Zuck wants you to live in
+
+05:30.828 --> 05:34.320
+his virtual reality as defined by him,
+
+05:34.320 --> 05:36.160
+and he's going to do it
+
+05:36.160 --> 05:40.539
+by using these models to make you
+
+05:40.539 --> 05:42.639
+a fictional world that you can live in.
+
+05:42.639 --> 05:43.280
+You can do that,
+
+05:43.280 --> 05:46.400
+or you can use them yourself,
+
+05:46.400 --> 05:50.000
+and you build your own Paracosm.
+
+05:50.000 --> 05:51.440
+And I think that's an important
+
+05:51.440 --> 05:53.440
+ability to be able to have,
+
+05:53.440 --> 05:56.880
+otherwise we will be like the borg,
+
+05:56.880 --> 06:01.520
+and we'll be connected to Mark Zuckerberg.
+
+06:01.520 --> 06:06.400
+Truth is a hot topic.
+
+06:06.400 --> 06:08.880
+So, the way that I think we should do this
+
+06:08.880 --> 06:10.720
+to decentralize the language models is,
+
+06:10.720 --> 06:13.199
+to use Structuralism.
+
+06:13.199 --> 06:19.600
+Universal grammar,
+
+06:19.600 --> 06:21.680
+template metaprogramming, and GPT-3
+
+06:21.680 --> 06:23.919
+what do they have in common?
+
+06:23.919 --> 06:27.759
+Well, you have some kind of basis,
+
+06:27.759 --> 06:31.408
+like, you train your GPT-3,
+
+06:31.408 --> 06:32.663
+and then you do all your prompting
+
+06:32.663 --> 06:33.360
+on top of it.
+
+06:33.360 --> 06:35.840
+Like a person is born with this grammar,
+
+06:35.840 --> 06:37.759
+and then they quickly learn language,
+
+06:37.759 --> 06:40.240
+and like with C++ templates,
+
+06:40.240 --> 06:42.080
+you pre-process and then
+
+06:42.080 --> 06:44.800
+the run time runs on that.
+
+06:44.800 --> 06:48.000
+So, anyway, that was a slide.
+
+06:48.000 --> 06:50.479
+Structuralism.
+
+06:50.479 --> 06:52.080
+I think you can decompile…,
+
+06:52.080 --> 06:52.880
+think you can break,
+
+06:52.880 --> 06:53.840
+so you can decompose
+
+06:53.840 --> 06:55.840
+the language models into units,
+
+06:55.840 --> 06:57.759
+but those units won't look like neurons,
+
+06:57.759 --> 06:59.440
+they would look like these,
+
+06:59.440 --> 07:01.759
+and you put them onto a blockchain.
+
+07:01.759 --> 07:02.744
+But you can look at that later
+
+07:02.744 --> 07:03.840
+if you want anyway.
+
+07:03.840 --> 07:07.199
+I'm going to skip straight to ilambda,
+
+07:07.199 --> 07:09.919
+running out of time.
+
+07:09.919 --> 07:12.240
+I'll just quickly show you
+
+07:12.240 --> 07:15.199
+the ilambda primitive in ilambda.
+
+07:15.199 --> 07:19.199
+So, it evaluates instead of run,
+
+07:19.199 --> 07:21.680
+for example, here's the reduced function,
+
+07:21.680 --> 07:22.632
+and you've defined your
+
+07:22.632 --> 07:25.520
+imaginary lambda here.
+
+07:25.520 --> 07:26.560
+And it doesn't have a body,
+
+07:26.560 --> 07:31.599
+it's just got the comment
+
+07:31.599 --> 07:33.120
+and the parameters,
+
+07:33.120 --> 07:36.560
+and that's enough for….
+
+07:36.560 --> 07:38.720
+Once you have that ilambda
+
+07:38.720 --> 07:40.080
+that runs now as a function,
+
+07:40.080 --> 07:40.800
+you can stick it into
+
+07:40.800 --> 07:42.720
+a reduced function, for example,
+
+07:42.720 --> 07:46.240
+and it'll reduce this list.
+
+07:46.240 --> 07:50.560
+You could even remove…, yeah,
+
+07:50.560 --> 07:51.759
+so you kind of need the comment
+
+07:51.759 --> 07:56.048
+otherwise it's too hard to imagine
+
+07:56.048 --> 07:57.360
+what would happen next,
+
+07:57.360 --> 08:01.520
+but for a function you can literally
+
+08:01.520 --> 08:03.360
+have an idefun even without
+
+08:03.360 --> 08:04.639
+the argument list.
+
+08:04.639 --> 08:06.319
+It was just like generate-fib-sequence,
+
+08:06.319 --> 08:09.919
+and most likely when you run that defun,
+
+08:09.919 --> 08:13.759
+it would work the way you want it.
+
+08:13.759 --> 08:16.000
+The more information you give the idefun,
+
+08:16.000 --> 08:17.840
+the imaginary defun,
+
+08:17.840 --> 08:20.879
+the better it would capture the task
+
+08:20.879 --> 08:22.000
+which you're trying to do,
+
+08:22.000 --> 08:23.039
+in this case you want to generate
+
+08:23.039 --> 08:24.080
+a Fibonacci sequence.
+
+08:24.080 --> 08:28.319
+And yeah, you can define functions
+
+08:28.319 --> 08:30.560
+without having a body,
+
+08:30.560 --> 08:32.640
+and they run an inference instead.
+
+08:32.640 --> 08:34.159
+Here's a way of overriding
+
+08:34.159 --> 08:36.000
+the language model that's used,
+
+08:36.000 --> 08:40.640
+for example, using dynamic scope.
+
+08:40.640 --> 08:41.863
+So, under the hood,
+
+08:41.863 --> 08:47.040
+idefun just uses an ilambda.
+
+08:47.040 --> 08:50.959
+This function here just doubles things.
+
+08:50.959 --> 08:53.752
+So, here's a function that gets you
+
+08:53.752 --> 08:59.279
+a hexadecimal color just from the name.
+
+08:59.279 --> 09:00.160
+And you can create
+
+09:00.160 --> 09:02.160
+arbitrary functions like this,
+
+09:02.160 --> 09:04.268
+so, what we need is like a library
+
+09:04.268 --> 09:07.200
+of imaginary functions, I think,
+
+09:07.200 --> 09:12.800
+that match a language model.
+
+09:12.800 --> 09:15.760
+Macros on the other hand,
+
+09:15.760 --> 09:18.160
+as different from functions,
+
+09:18.160 --> 09:20.000
+they actually macro expand
+
+09:20.000 --> 09:21.360
+and generate code.
+
+09:21.360 --> 09:23.279
+So, when you macro expand this,
+
+09:23.279 --> 09:26.320
+you'll get this,
+
+09:26.320 --> 09:30.000
+and that's because this has an arity of 3,
+
+09:30.000 --> 09:31.839
+and then when you macro expand
+
+09:31.839 --> 09:32.959
+that underlying macro,
+
+09:32.959 --> 09:35.120
+it generates the actual source code.
+
+09:35.120 --> 09:37.839
+You can actually run these macros,
+
+09:37.839 --> 09:41.279
+and it will cache the output…,
+
+09:41.279 --> 09:42.480
+it will catch the source code,
+
+09:42.480 --> 09:44.240
+so the macro runs the same
+
+09:44.240 --> 09:45.839
+every single time,
+
+09:45.839 --> 09:47.519
+or generates the same code,
+
+09:47.519 --> 09:48.560
+but you can just use it
+
+09:48.560 --> 09:49.920
+to generate code really easily
+
+09:49.920 --> 09:52.000
+while you're programming.
+
+09:52.000 --> 09:55.920
+I hope that this has been informative,
+
+09:55.920 --> 09:57.600
+it wasn't too much time,
+
+09:57.600 --> 10:00.312
+but there's plenty of material
+
+10:00.312 --> 10:01.680
+for you to dig into it more
+
+10:01.680 --> 10:04.000
+if you're interested.
+
+10:04.000 --> 10:04.959
+Thank you very much
+
+10:04.959 --> 10:09.519
+for letting me talk today.
+
+10:09.519 --> 10:15.680
+Peace out!
+
+10:15.680 --> 10:16.680
+[captions by bhavin192 (Bhavin Gandhi)]
-- 
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