blob: b3feac2d25b842effa18e5f43a93c6e7d4a0e476 (
plain) (
tree)
|
|
WEBVTT
00:00:10.480 --> 00:00:11.519
hello relatives
00:00:11.519 --> 00:00:15.040
grant shangri is what they call me
00:00:15.040 --> 00:00:18.960
and all of you I gladly take your hand
00:00:18.960 --> 00:00:22.160
and shake it um
00:00:22.160 --> 00:00:26.240
greetings everyone
00:00:26.240 --> 00:00:28.560
today I'm going to talk about lakota
00:00:28.560 --> 00:00:30.480
language and Emacs and how
00:00:30.480 --> 00:00:33.680
free software and Emacs empowered me to
00:00:33.680 --> 00:00:36.000
write on the computer in the language of
00:00:36.000 --> 00:00:39.520
my ancestors
00:00:39.520 --> 00:00:42.640
um start off the look with the story of
00:00:42.640 --> 00:00:45.760
lakotiappi the lakota language
00:00:45.760 --> 00:00:48.800
the lakota dakota dialect area
00:00:48.800 --> 00:00:52.160
for those of you who you don't know
00:00:52.160 --> 00:00:55.600
the lakota dakota people are also known
00:00:55.600 --> 00:00:56.840
as the sioux
00:00:56.840 --> 00:00:59.760
and the tribes cover an
00:00:59.760 --> 00:01:03.120
area of roughly 10 us states and parts
00:01:03.120 --> 00:01:05.199
of canada and so this language is
00:01:05.199 --> 00:01:08.479
spoken over a wide range of of
00:01:08.479 --> 00:01:11.520
area
00:01:11.520 --> 00:01:14.400
however the us government policy
00:01:14.400 --> 00:01:16.640
directly tried to silence this language
00:01:16.640 --> 00:01:18.640
my father was taken to a boarding school
00:01:18.640 --> 00:01:20.960
and was punished for speaking
00:01:20.960 --> 00:01:23.280
his native language and so he didn't
00:01:23.280 --> 00:01:25.119
teach it to his children
00:01:25.119 --> 00:01:28.880
several generations of lakota and dakota
00:01:28.880 --> 00:01:29.600
people
00:01:29.600 --> 00:01:31.600
and other tribes all over the country
00:01:31.600 --> 00:01:32.640
lost
00:01:32.640 --> 00:01:34.560
lost their first language their native
00:01:34.560 --> 00:01:38.320
language so today only around 2000
00:01:38.320 --> 00:01:41.040
first first language native speakers are
00:01:41.040 --> 00:01:43.119
speaking lakota
00:01:43.119 --> 00:01:44.960
however there's language recovery
00:01:44.960 --> 00:01:47.600
projects that are empowering
00:01:47.600 --> 00:01:49.759
second language learners like myself to
00:01:49.759 --> 00:01:51.720
teach it to the new generation of
00:01:51.720 --> 00:01:54.479
children um
00:01:54.479 --> 00:01:57.119
which brings me to my story um I grew up
00:01:57.119 --> 00:01:58.000
without knowing
00:01:58.000 --> 00:02:00.880
my heritage um I didn't know who my
00:02:00.880 --> 00:02:01.520
father was
00:02:01.520 --> 00:02:04.719
both my parents were white um
00:02:04.719 --> 00:02:07.119
I discovered my biological family in
00:02:07.119 --> 00:02:08.720
around 2015
00:02:08.720 --> 00:02:12.160
was kind of a shock to me up until that
00:02:12.160 --> 00:02:13.840
point probably the only time I'd heard
00:02:13.840 --> 00:02:15.520
the lakota language was in
00:02:15.520 --> 00:02:18.720
the movie dances with wolves possibly
00:02:18.720 --> 00:02:20.720
some other times
00:02:20.720 --> 00:02:24.160
around nebraska I'd heard it um but
00:02:24.160 --> 00:02:27.200
even myself growing up you know pretty
00:02:27.200 --> 00:02:28.319
close to
00:02:28.319 --> 00:02:30.560
to lakota people and other native
00:02:30.560 --> 00:02:32.239
american people
00:02:32.239 --> 00:02:34.560
american indian people I kind of thought
00:02:34.560 --> 00:02:36.640
it was just dead I thought the language
00:02:36.640 --> 00:02:39.760
was not alive anymore um
00:02:39.760 --> 00:02:42.000
but in 2016 my daughter began her
00:02:42.000 --> 00:02:43.920
journey into this world and I
00:02:43.920 --> 00:02:46.720
I was doing a lot of searching to find
00:02:46.720 --> 00:02:48.239
out like what could I do
00:02:48.239 --> 00:02:50.560
you know not knowing my family not
00:02:50.560 --> 00:02:51.920
knowing my culture
00:02:51.920 --> 00:02:54.080
what could I do to try to bring that
00:02:54.080 --> 00:02:55.280
into our life
00:02:55.280 --> 00:02:58.640
um and so I found out about these
00:02:58.640 --> 00:03:00.720
lakota classes that were happening I
00:03:00.720 --> 00:03:02.720
went up to standing rock
00:03:02.720 --> 00:03:04.560
in north dakota and attended the lakota
00:03:04.560 --> 00:03:06.640
summer institute for three weeks
00:03:06.640 --> 00:03:08.480
and began my journey to learn the
00:03:08.480 --> 00:03:09.680
language so I can
00:03:09.680 --> 00:03:13.120
try to pass it on so
00:03:13.120 --> 00:03:16.560
this brings us to Emacs
00:03:16.560 --> 00:03:19.200
I could talk a lot more about my story
00:03:19.200 --> 00:03:20.959
I'm sure there's a lot to say
00:03:20.959 --> 00:03:24.640
but we're here to talk about Emacs um
00:03:24.640 --> 00:03:26.319
I was already a free software user at
00:03:26.319 --> 00:03:29.040
the time and at the lakota language
00:03:29.040 --> 00:03:31.440
uh institute they they were they're
00:03:31.440 --> 00:03:33.280
giving us software there's a dictionary
00:03:33.280 --> 00:03:34.879
you could get on android
00:03:34.879 --> 00:03:37.360
um there was a keyboard for android that
00:03:37.360 --> 00:03:38.560
you could type with
00:03:38.560 --> 00:03:41.760
they had keyboard input methods for mac
00:03:41.760 --> 00:03:44.959
and windows but I'm a linux user free
00:03:44.959 --> 00:03:46.720
software user
00:03:46.720 --> 00:03:49.280
so I didn't have access to those things
00:03:49.280 --> 00:03:49.760
as
00:03:49.760 --> 00:03:53.120
as easily as I could and I do a lot of
00:03:53.120 --> 00:03:55.280
my thinking and note taking in Emacs and
00:03:55.280 --> 00:03:57.280
in org mode
00:03:57.280 --> 00:04:01.200
and so being able to to write this
00:04:01.200 --> 00:04:04.640
to to um to write things down to type
00:04:04.640 --> 00:04:07.680
on my own computer uh was was pretty
00:04:07.680 --> 00:04:08.720
important to me
00:04:08.720 --> 00:04:11.360
and I wasn't much of an emax hacker yet
00:04:11.360 --> 00:04:12.799
at the time I had
00:04:12.799 --> 00:04:15.519
barely done anything mostly just you
00:04:15.519 --> 00:04:16.720
know hacked on my
00:04:16.720 --> 00:04:20.479
config file but this was a real
00:04:20.479 --> 00:04:23.600
chance for me to experience
00:04:23.600 --> 00:04:27.280
the the benefits of free software first
00:04:27.280 --> 00:04:30.400
hand and not just to benefit myself but
00:04:30.400 --> 00:04:34.080
to potentially benefit
00:04:34.080 --> 00:04:36.080
everyone anyone interested in learning
00:04:36.080 --> 00:04:39.120
this language
00:04:39.120 --> 00:04:42.880
so Emacs and
00:04:42.880 --> 00:04:44.880
that free software philosophy really
00:04:44.880 --> 00:04:47.520
empowered me so I began digging in
00:04:47.520 --> 00:04:49.840
um I looked I began reading the the
00:04:49.840 --> 00:04:51.520
manual more closely
00:04:51.520 --> 00:04:53.680
as an american I'm I'm sad to say
00:04:53.680 --> 00:04:55.440
there's not a lot of
00:04:55.440 --> 00:04:58.479
other languages spoken or written where
00:04:58.479 --> 00:05:00.160
I'm from
00:05:00.160 --> 00:05:02.240
so it's not common that I that I have to
00:05:02.240 --> 00:05:04.720
think about this with computers
00:05:04.720 --> 00:05:07.600
I know international people you know
00:05:07.600 --> 00:05:09.120
have had to come up with
00:05:09.120 --> 00:05:11.280
with interesting ways to to enter their
00:05:11.280 --> 00:05:12.160
text
00:05:12.160 --> 00:05:14.800
and Emacs is probably a pioneer in that
00:05:14.800 --> 00:05:16.320
I I'd like to know more about the
00:05:16.320 --> 00:05:17.520
history of this but
00:05:17.520 --> 00:05:19.840
there's a whole section in the manual on
00:05:19.840 --> 00:05:22.160
international Emacs
00:05:22.160 --> 00:05:23.840
and I began reading this and I was
00:05:23.840 --> 00:05:25.440
talking about
00:05:25.440 --> 00:05:28.000
different input methods and and how many
00:05:28.000 --> 00:05:29.759
different languages were supported and
00:05:29.759 --> 00:05:31.680
how you could enter the text and how it
00:05:31.680 --> 00:05:33.680
supports the different characters and so
00:05:33.680 --> 00:05:34.560
on
00:05:34.560 --> 00:05:36.639
um I even noticed a few languages
00:05:36.639 --> 00:05:38.880
support several input methods
00:05:38.880 --> 00:05:41.840
that became important for me later on as
00:05:41.840 --> 00:05:43.440
I was working on this
00:05:43.440 --> 00:05:45.280
many many languages are already
00:05:45.280 --> 00:05:46.720
supported so
00:05:46.720 --> 00:05:48.479
those of you who haven't looked into
00:05:48.479 --> 00:05:50.080
this yet if you press
00:05:50.080 --> 00:05:52.639
control backslash it will open up a
00:05:52.639 --> 00:05:53.680
selection menu
00:05:53.680 --> 00:05:57.039
for you to to select um
00:05:57.039 --> 00:05:59.120
your input method and you can there's
00:05:59.120 --> 00:06:01.440
207 listed here
00:06:01.440 --> 00:06:03.120
that's including the two that I've
00:06:03.120 --> 00:06:04.639
contributed
00:06:04.639 --> 00:06:09.199
um so 205 on on a vanilla Emacs
00:06:09.199 --> 00:06:11.120
so that's a lot of languages supported
00:06:11.120 --> 00:06:13.840
by emac Emacs but there's so many more
00:06:13.840 --> 00:06:17.440
that could be um and since Emacs is free
00:06:17.440 --> 00:06:19.280
software and it is what it is I knew
00:06:19.280 --> 00:06:20.000
that defining
00:06:20.000 --> 00:06:22.639
a new input method was surely possible
00:06:22.639 --> 00:06:23.039
um
00:06:23.039 --> 00:06:25.440
unfortunately the the manual didn't
00:06:25.440 --> 00:06:27.120
describe it directly or at least I
00:06:27.120 --> 00:06:28.800
didn't pick it up so
00:06:28.800 --> 00:06:30.960
um you know the new emax hacker that I
00:06:30.960 --> 00:06:32.319
was I
00:06:32.319 --> 00:06:34.880
I timidly dove down into the source code
00:06:34.880 --> 00:06:37.360
and discovered the quail package
00:06:37.360 --> 00:06:40.479
um so back in the day apparently there
00:06:40.479 --> 00:06:40.960
was
00:06:40.960 --> 00:06:44.560
mule which is like the
00:06:44.560 --> 00:06:47.360
multi I don't I don't know it stood for
00:06:47.360 --> 00:06:48.000
something about
00:06:48.000 --> 00:06:50.160
language environments and and it has
00:06:50.160 --> 00:06:51.759
evolved
00:06:51.759 --> 00:06:54.960
and at some point um some japanese
00:06:54.960 --> 00:06:58.000
uh coders created an input method called
00:06:58.000 --> 00:06:59.039
tamago
00:06:59.039 --> 00:07:03.599
which means egg in japanese and uh
00:07:03.599 --> 00:07:06.720
tamago evolved into quail and they
00:07:06.720 --> 00:07:08.800
in the comments you can see they talk
00:07:08.800 --> 00:07:10.720
about how the quail egg is eaten in
00:07:10.720 --> 00:07:12.800
japan it's a smaller thing and
00:07:12.800 --> 00:07:15.280
the quail mode is like a nicer version
00:07:15.280 --> 00:07:16.960
of tamago I guess and
00:07:16.960 --> 00:07:19.039
there's a pun saying they hoped it would
00:07:19.039 --> 00:07:22.639
egg people on to create more input modes
00:07:22.639 --> 00:07:26.240
and quail is quite nice I looked into it
00:07:26.240 --> 00:07:28.479
and there's basically two things you use
00:07:28.479 --> 00:07:30.720
quail defined package and quail define
00:07:30.720 --> 00:07:32.240
rules
00:07:32.240 --> 00:07:36.080
so quail defined package
00:07:36.080 --> 00:07:38.960
you can see here is a function it's
00:07:38.960 --> 00:07:41.759
probably a macro that takes a name
00:07:41.759 --> 00:07:43.599
a language a title and some optional
00:07:43.599 --> 00:07:44.879
stuff which
00:07:44.879 --> 00:07:48.319
I didn't really have to deal with
00:07:48.319 --> 00:07:50.479
define name is a new quail package for
00:07:50.479 --> 00:07:52.400
input language title is a string to be
00:07:52.400 --> 00:07:52.879
split
00:07:52.879 --> 00:07:54.400
at the mode line to indicate this
00:07:54.400 --> 00:07:57.120
package
00:07:57.120 --> 00:08:00.879
so I began trying to do lakota input now
00:08:00.879 --> 00:08:03.039
this is a whole thing on its own because
00:08:03.039 --> 00:08:04.240
the lakota language
00:08:04.240 --> 00:08:07.680
was never written um
00:08:07.680 --> 00:08:10.800
pre-contact and post contact
00:08:10.800 --> 00:08:12.879
like there's several attempts at writing
00:08:12.879 --> 00:08:14.800
it and different orthographies
00:08:14.800 --> 00:08:16.960
and there's drama around all of this
00:08:16.960 --> 00:08:19.360
stuff
00:08:19.360 --> 00:08:21.120
it's pretty common to have drama going
00:08:21.120 --> 00:08:24.160
on in any american indian stuff
00:08:24.160 --> 00:08:26.560
going on so as I was doing this I
00:08:26.560 --> 00:08:28.479
started with the suggested lakota
00:08:28.479 --> 00:08:29.680
orthography which
00:08:29.680 --> 00:08:32.880
is actually called by its authors the
00:08:32.880 --> 00:08:35.680
the standard lakota orthography but its
00:08:35.680 --> 00:08:36.959
authors are
00:08:36.959 --> 00:08:40.880
um are european
00:08:40.880 --> 00:08:43.039
um the main author is a man named jan
00:08:43.039 --> 00:08:45.040
ulrich and I appreciate all his work and
00:08:45.040 --> 00:08:46.160
I'm grateful for
00:08:46.160 --> 00:08:49.360
the materials he's made available but um
00:08:49.360 --> 00:08:51.040
it's a little bit problematic because
00:08:51.040 --> 00:08:54.160
it's not an orthography created by
00:08:54.160 --> 00:08:56.720
our people by lakota people so there's
00:08:56.720 --> 00:08:57.920
another one called the white hat
00:08:57.920 --> 00:09:00.080
orthography which is created by albert
00:09:00.080 --> 00:09:01.839
whitehat who's a teacher
00:09:01.839 --> 00:09:04.480
um from the chichanguk tribe so I
00:09:04.480 --> 00:09:05.360
created two
00:09:05.360 --> 00:09:08.640
and thankfully emax lets me do that so
00:09:08.640 --> 00:09:10.720
it's pretty simple quail defined package
00:09:10.720 --> 00:09:11.680
I just
00:09:11.680 --> 00:09:13.279
say the package I want and then all
00:09:13.279 --> 00:09:15.360
these nils and t's for options I don't
00:09:15.360 --> 00:09:16.480
actually know what they mean but it
00:09:16.480 --> 00:09:18.240
works
00:09:18.240 --> 00:09:20.240
I could look it up and then quail define
00:09:20.240 --> 00:09:22.640
rules just defines mappings from ascii
00:09:22.640 --> 00:09:23.600
keys to
00:09:23.600 --> 00:09:26.640
the the text you want to put in so
00:09:26.640 --> 00:09:29.680
for this one there's a nasal n and then
00:09:29.680 --> 00:09:33.600
a dot and a macron like a wedge shape
00:09:33.600 --> 00:09:36.640
for marking up the consonants
00:09:36.640 --> 00:09:39.839
so that one's pretty easy and then the
00:09:39.839 --> 00:09:41.760
suggested lakota orthography is a little
00:09:41.760 --> 00:09:43.040
bit more difficult
00:09:43.040 --> 00:09:45.600
but still pretty easy I just map a
00:09:45.600 --> 00:09:46.800
sequence of keys
00:09:46.800 --> 00:09:49.760
a followed by the apostrophe makes the
00:09:49.760 --> 00:09:51.760
accented vowels so all of those
00:09:51.760 --> 00:09:53.519
and then again we have the hot checks
00:09:53.519 --> 00:09:55.839
for the guttural sounds of the language
00:09:55.839 --> 00:09:58.399
and the nasal end so that's it basically
00:09:58.399 --> 00:09:59.120
these two
00:09:59.120 --> 00:10:02.480
definitions allow me to type
00:10:02.480 --> 00:10:06.560
lakota language in Emacs um
00:10:06.560 --> 00:10:09.279
and it's great it works great publishing
00:10:09.279 --> 00:10:09.920
it
00:10:09.920 --> 00:10:11.760
is another problematic thing I wanted to
00:10:11.760 --> 00:10:13.839
use free software to do that
00:10:13.839 --> 00:10:16.079
so the first thing I did was I I posted
00:10:16.079 --> 00:10:17.600
on sourcehut
00:10:17.600 --> 00:10:19.440
which is great it's a good alternative
00:10:19.440 --> 00:10:20.959
for a git forge
00:10:20.959 --> 00:10:22.880
and I got it published on melba so the
00:10:22.880 --> 00:10:24.000
lakota input
00:10:24.000 --> 00:10:25.760
package is available if you'd like to
00:10:25.760 --> 00:10:27.760
try it out
00:10:27.760 --> 00:10:29.839
and bandali one of our hosts for the
00:10:29.839 --> 00:10:31.680
conference is helping me now
00:10:31.680 --> 00:10:33.200
through the process of committing the
00:10:33.200 --> 00:10:35.279
code to Emacs
00:10:35.279 --> 00:10:37.120
because I would like to do that I would
00:10:37.120 --> 00:10:39.279
like it to be available to everyone
00:10:39.279 --> 00:10:41.680
through Emacs itself so that anyone who
00:10:41.680 --> 00:10:43.279
wants to use it just has to download
00:10:43.279 --> 00:10:43.920
Emacs
00:10:43.920 --> 00:10:46.240
and there you go you can type lakota
00:10:46.240 --> 00:10:47.120
language
00:10:47.120 --> 00:10:50.160
so uh pila maya thank you
00:10:50.160 --> 00:10:53.279
all for listening and
00:10:53.279 --> 00:10:55.920
I hope to see you around in our Emacs
00:10:55.920 --> 00:10:58.320
community
00:10:58.320 --> 00:11:04.720
uh day
|
